Commons:Localização

"COM:LOC" redirects here. For informação na 'Biblioteca do Congresso', see Commons:Library of Congress.

Shortcuts: COM:I18N • COM:INT

Information about i18n, which links here, are missing!

A Wikimedia Commons é um projeto internacional e, portanto, multilingue. Embora o idioma predefinido seja o inglês, pretende-se que o projeto seja utilizado por todos, e útil para todos, independentemente do idioma que leiam.

A internacionalização é o processo de desenhar uma aplicação de programa para que possa ser adaptado a vários idiomas e regiões sem alterações no nível de engenharia. A localização é o processo de adaptação de programa internacionalizado para uma região ou idioma específico, adicionando componentes específicos de localidade e traduzindo texto. O esforço de internacionalização e localização na Commons possui vários componentes:

1. Programa
   1. O programa MediaWiki (e as extensões do mesmo utilizadas na Commons).
   2. As partes personalizáveis da interface do MediaWiki.
   3. As linhas de comandos (scripts) do utilizador (especialmente os comandos para gadgets, instaláveis através das suas Preferências).
2. Conteúdo
   1. Páginas do projeto
   2. As páginas de conteúdo (ficheiros, categorias, galerias)
   3. Os modelos utilizados nas páginas de conteúdo e nas páginas do projeto.

Programa

Mensagens predefinidas do MediaWiki

O MediaWiki é o programa em que a Commons é executada. As traduções da interface do MediaWiki (traduções fornecidas com a instalação do MediaWiki) são criadas na Translatewiki; por favor, siga a hiperligação para contribuir.

Para ver as localizações na translatewiki de uma mensagem específica do MediaWiki, visite translatewiki:Special:Translations/MediaWiki: e introduza o nome da mensagem do MediaWiki. Para saber o nome de uma mensagem específica do mediaWiki, visite a página da wiki Commons que mostra a mensagem e adicione ?uselang=qqx ao URL. Se voltar a carregar a página todos os textos das mensagens devem ser substituídas pelo nome da mensagem que produz esse texto (exemplo usando Commons:Localization).

As mensagens do MediaWiki podem ser acedidas dentro da wiki Commons (por exemplo, numa predefinição) usando {{int:nome da mensagem}}, por exemplo, {{int:edit-conflict}} para aceder a MediaWiki:edit-conflict. As versões localizadas das mensagens do MediaWiki são armazenadas em subpáginas cujo nome é o código de língua relevante, por exemplo, MediaWiki:edit-conflict/de e MediaWiki:edit-conflict/fr. As mensagens que não existam (incluindo os erros ortográficos das mensagens atuais) serão apresentadas entre parênteses angulares (<nome da mensagem>), como acontece no caso do erro comum de codificar "{{int:license}}" como "{{int:licensing}}" (que apresenta o resultado incorreto entre parênteses angulares assim: ⧼licensing⧽).

Para ver uma lista de algumas mensagens do MediaWiki que podem ser úteis em predefinições, consulte Commons:Localization/useful MediaWiki messages. Veja também mw:Localisation e as respetivas mensagens de sistema.

Commons MediaWiki: mensagens do espaço nominal personalizadas

O texto das mensagens padrão, fornecido com a instalação do MediaWiki, pode ser alterado localmente. Adicionalmente, podem ser criadas mensagens completamente novas no espaço nominal MediaWiki: para fins de localização. Em ambos os casos, estas «mensagens personalizadas» só estarão disponíveis na instalação do MediaWiki aqui da wiki Commons.

• mw:Help:System message–MediaWiki handbook, on system messages in the MediaWiki: namespace. Key point: localization is (mostly) via /xx subpages, for example MediaWiki:Summary is the default language for the wiki (en on Commons) and MediaWiki:Summary/de is the German localization of the message, if the user specifies a different language. {{MWheader}}, for use on Mediawiki talk: pages, shows a list of localized versions of the relevant message (but only where these differ from the MediaWiki default).
• Template:MediaWiki messages–organises the key system messages. See also en:Template:MediaWiki messages on en.wp (there is usually a talkpage description there)
• MediaWiki:Common.js–provides localization of signatures
• Help:Gadget-ImprovedUploadForm–on how to localise the Upload form (Special:Upload).

Comandos do Utilizador (scripts)

• Commons:Gadgets#Localization–na tradução de gadgets

Conteúdo

About localization text in images see Translation text in images. For localization read below.

Páginas do projeto

Project pages (in the Commons: and Help: namespaces) are important to translate. A new user visiting Commons may not know much about Commons and its purpose. Project pages explain the scope of Commons, what content is appropriate and what content not, how uploading works and what rules are to be observed.

Important pages to translate:

• Commons:Licensing
• Commons:Welcome
• Commons:Deletion policy
• Commons:FAQ
• Commons:General disclaimer
• Commons:Media help
• Commons:Project scope
• Commons:Blocking policy
• Commons:User-specific galleries, templates and categories
• Commons:Ownership of pages and files

Páginas de conteúdo

Content pages are categories, galleries, and file description pages. Localization of these has two elements:

1. Standard text elements. These should normally be included via appropriate content templates. For example, a category may include the template {{See also}}, which provides the text "see also" in various languages. In a few cases, standard text elements that are part of the MediaWiki software can be accessed directly, using the construction {{int:mediawiki-message-name}}.

1. Non-standard text elements. These are included directly on the page, but should be wrapped in translation templates so that if/when translations are added, the software can distinguish them. The usual means are the simple language templates or the {{LangSwitch}} or {{Mld}} templates.

Modelos de conteúdo

Templates are strings of text that occur on dozens, thousands or even millions of pages. By translating the most widely used templates you can greatly extend the usefulness of Commons pages to speakers of your language who do not speak English or who do feel more comfortable in their native tongue. Template:Information for example is used on more than two million file description pages. It's just some short strings of text, but it can greatly help to make the information on the description pages be more accessible. (Not all templates can be translated, some don't need translation, because they are language-neutral).

If a template is already internationalised, it should be clear how to add a new language localization. (The template documentation should make this clear, or it may be obvious when you look at the template in edit mode.) If a template is not yet internationalised, see the section below.

See most used translatable templates and modules.

Métodos de internacionalização de conteúdo

The major methods for internationalization are

1. Autotranslate, using the {{Autotranslate}} template, which uses subpages in the standard /xx language code format to store localizations
2. LangSwitch, using the {{LangSwitch}} template, which stores localizations within the page or template being translated.
3. Simple list, using a header linking to different language versions of a page.

1. Language templates, using the individual templates listed at Commons:Language templates
2. Multilingual tags are templates devoted to translating a particular message, without providing any formatting, for re-use in multiple templates.
3. MediaWiki messages– in a few cases, standard text elements that are part of the MediaWiki software can be accessed directly, using the construction {{int:mediawiki-message-name}}

Content templates with complex layouts tend to use {{Autotranslate}}, whilst simpler ones use {{LangSwitch}}. Content pages largely use LangSwitch or language templates, with a handful of MediaWiki messages. The "simple list" method is generally used only by project pages. Multilingual tags and most MediaWiki messages are normally used only by templates. For templates, {{TemplateBox}} facilitates creating a documentation page, including providing a standard explanation of how to localise the template for a new language version, given the specified internationalization method.

An additional method is demonstrated by {{Talkbox}}, which supports the construction of talkpage templates (e.g., {{Permprot}}). Here, the translations are stored in subpages of the calling template, and {{Talkbox}} switches the content as needed. The approach is similar to autotranslate, but the setup of the subpages is slightly different, and there is no /layout subpage.

Auto traduzir

Further information: Ajuda:Auto traduzir

• some templates are localised by using the {{Autotranslate}} template. This creates a {{MainTemplate}}, {{MainTemplate/en}}, {{MainTemplate/de}} etc structure, with layout dictated by a separate {{MainTemplate/layout}} template. Individual localised templates would then be marked with {{Translated tag}}.

• • Headings (for example for user messages such as {{Blocked}}) can be localised separately with a {{MainTemplate/heading}}, but this needs to be referenced separately in MainTemplate (see {{Blocked}}), and have a parallel localisation structure ({{MainTemplate/heading/en}}, {{MainTemplate/heading/de}} etc).

• • {{Translated tag}} puts the template into the appropriate subcategory of Category:Translated templates by language. Use of a parameter from the list at Template:translated tag/local category-en puts the template in additional subcategories for the type of template (for English localised templates).

Outros

• {{LangSwitch}} is used for some template localization, for example at {{Shortcut text}}, a helper template for {{Shortcut}}. Another example: {{Académie Royale de Peinture, Sculpture et Architecture}}, as used at File:Boucher renaud et armide louvre.jpg.

• Simple list: some templates/categories are localised using the simple list approach demonstrated by {{Lang-CatHelp}}, allowing each page to have its own localised name. The list template should be referenced using {{Header}}, for example {{header|Lang-CatHelp}}.

• Commons:Language templates are used for galleries, categories description, file description pages. Each is simply the ISO code of the language. Example: {{en|English description}}.
  • {{Multilingual description}} is a similar template, with each language translation as a parameter, so that only one {{Multilingual description}} template is needed per page.
  • {{Mldcat}} is adapted for use on category pages, but is currently experimental only and not fully functional without js/css support.

• Multilingual tags: Some templates, called multilingual tags, localise a specific class of thing. For example {{Language}} translates language names. {{CountryAdjective}}, {{Occupation}}, {{NationAndOccupation}}, {{Country}} perform similar tasks. Other templates translating names, words and phrases (usually using {{LangSwitch}}) are categorised under Category:Multilingual tags. {{Multilingual link}} allows to indicate names of versions of same Wikipedia article in many languages and displays one link in user's interface language. See also Help:Creating multilingual tags with interwiki links.

• MediaWiki messages: some translation is via MediaWiki messages–either by accessing default messages (part of the MediaWiki software) or by creating custom messages (part of Commons' MediaWiki installation only). See #MediaWiki default messages and #Commons MediaWiki: namespace custom messages sections above.

Notas

See also

• Commons:Project page translation for hints and tips on translating project pages in the Commons and Help namespaces
• Commons:Template i18n
• Commons:WikiProject Templates
• Commons:Main page templates
• Commons:Administrator translations (administrative messages)
• {{User internationalisation}} and {{User MediaWiki}} userboxes
• MediaWiki:Gadget-AnonymousI18N.js (preserves &uselang parameter in URL, for users not logged in)
• {{Please Internationalise}} and {{Please translate}} / {{Description insufficient}} / Commons:Requests for translation.
• {{Template translated by copying}}, {{Redirect from translated template name}}
• Commons:Multilingual tags
• Special:MyLanguage

Help

• "I'm trying to localize something, and I need help!" ➜ Commons:Help Desk