কমন্স:ডাকটিকিট
An image of a postage stamp must be in the public domain, or freely licensed, before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons.
Copyright rules for stamps vary from country to country. Stamps may be considered government works that are not protected by copyright, although there may be non-copyright restrictions on the ways in which the stamps can be used. They may be considered government or corporate works that are protected by copyright for a defined period such as 50 years after issuance. The copyright term may be based on the life of the contributors to the stamp design, and may extend for 70 years or more after the death of the last survivor.
The goal of this project page is to clarify the copyright situation of postage stamps. It contains information "transcluded" from pages that describe the relevant rules for each country.
আরও দেখুন : Commons:Stamps/Public domain templates
COM:Abkhazia
আবখাজিয়া
use {{PD-AB-exempt}}
COM:Afghanistan
আফগানিস্তান
No information available
COM:Albania
আলবেনিয়া
The Albanian Government regulation on postal stamps considers stamps as means of payment (General Provisions, Article 2: "Postal stamp is used to pay for postal services .."). Means of payment are exempt from copyright, see Not protected section above.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Albania
COM:Algeria
আলজেরিয়া
No information available
COM:Angola
অ্যাঙ্গোলা
No information available
COM:Antigua and Barbuda
অ্যান্টিগুয়া ও বার্বুডা
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Antigua and Barbuda
COM:Argentina
আর্জেন্টিনা
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Argentina
COM:Armenia
আর্মেনিয়া
No information available
COM:Australia
অস্ট্রেলিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Australia
COM:Austria
অস্ট্রিয়া
The Austrian postal service (Österreichische Post) has limited copyright for all stamps and the displayed images. The stamps can be used for sale, manufacture and advertising. For all other imaging requests (such as printing works, books or encyclopedias) the respective postage stamp designer needs to be contacted, since it is not advertising.
For each stamp a release must be obtained individually. The contact addresses of the designers are subject to data privacy.
See de:Wikipedia:Briefmarken#.C3.96sterreichische_Post.
Therefore the general copyright term applies (pma + 70).
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Austria
COM:Azerbaijan
আজারবাইজান
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Azerbaijan
COM:Bahrain
বাহরাইন
No information available
COM:Bangladesh
বাংলাদেশ
No information available
COM:Barbados
বার্বাডোস
No information available
COM:Belarus
বেলারুশ
use {{PD-BY-exempt}}
According to the Law of the Republic of Belarus No. 262-Z of May 17, 2011, "state symbols and signs (flag, coat of arms, anthem, awards, banknotes and other signs)" are not copyrightable.[262-Z/2011 Art.7(2)] According to the Postage Law of the Republic of Belarus No. 258-З of December 15, 2003, "postage stamp is an official (state) sign of postage printed on paper and carrying an artwork, and inscriptions "БЕЛАРУСЬ", "BELARUS", year of issue (in Arabic letters) and a par value (in Arabic figures). The par value of postage stamp may be designated in letters."[1]
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Belarus
COM:Belgium
বেলজিয়াম
In Belgium an image of a stamp is copyright free when the following conditions are fulfilled:
70 years after La Poste / De Post have issued the stamp AND 70 years after the designer of the image on the stamp has died.
The works of the following artists are in public domain because the artist died before 31 December 1945.
- Baugniet, Charles (1814-1886)
- Houyoux, Léon (1856-1940)
- Meunier, Henri (1873–1922)
The work of the following artists will be in public domain on 1 January following 70 years after their death
- Bonnevalle, Oscar (1920-1993)
- De Bast, Jean (1883-1975)
- Dolphyn, William (1935–2016)
- Van Noten, Jean (1903–1982)
- Vloors, Émile (1871–1952)
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Belgium
COM:Belize
বেলিজ
No information available
No information available
COM:Bolivia
বলিভিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Bolivia
COM:Bosnia and Herzegovina
বসনিয়া ও হার্জেগোভিনা
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Bosnia and Herzegovina
COM:Botswana
বতসোয়ানা
No information available
COM:Brazil
ব্রাজিল
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Brazil
COM:Brunei
ব্রুনাই দারুসসালাম
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Brunei
COM:Bulgaria
বুলগেরিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Bulgaria
COM:Burkina Faso
বুর্কিনা ফাসো
No information available
COM:Burundi
বুরুন্ডি
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Burundi
COM:Canada
কানাডা
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Canada
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Chile
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of China
COM:Colombia
কলম্বিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Colombia
COM:Costa Rica
কোস্টা রিকা
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Costa Rica
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Cuba
COM:Czech Republic
চেক প্রজাতন্ত্র
Postal stamps of Czechia (they are since 1993) are copyrighted 70 years after the author's death by both authors: an engraver and a graphic artist. They are not official works. Stamps are officially announced in Poštovní věstník (Postal bulletin, it is published at least since 2000) and texts in this bulletin is public domain but the stamps are copyrighted.
COM:Czechoslovakia
চেকোস্লোভাকিয়া
Postage stamps of Czechoslovakia (published in 1918-1939 and in 1945-1992) are copyrighted 70 years after the author's death by both authors: an engraver and a graphic artist. (see overview of artists)
Stamps issued before 1922 are PD with exception of portrait of TGM and Dove. Between 1934-1939 are PD stamps engraved by Bohumil Heinz with some exceptions (non PD graphic artist).
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Czechoslovakia
COM:Ecuador
ইকুয়েডর
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Ecuador
COM:El Salvador
এল সালভাদোর
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of El Salvador
COM:Ethiopia
ইথিওপিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Ethiopia
COM:Faroe Islands
ফ্যারো দ্বীপপুঞ্জ
COM:Finland
ফিনল্যান্ড
Åland has its own laws on postal matters; the discussion below does not concern stamps of Åland.
Stamps issued before 1990
Before 1990 stamps were issued by a public body whose decisions and statements are not protected by copyright. See #Not protected (above). If an image of a stamp was included in a public body's decision or statement and the stamp is not an independent work, the image would be free of copyright as part of the document, the document can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons and the image can be cropped from this document. Use {{PD-FinlandStamp}} in these cases.
It is uncertain how the above affects the copyright of stamps depicted in other places. The precautionary principle is that we assume a stamp is copyrighted unless proven otherwise. A copyrighted stamp will lose copyright protection 70 years after the author's death or 70 years after publication if the author is anonymous. Information on the author of a stamp will often be available at Postimuseo's Postimerkkiselain, and should be included in the stamp description where available. Use {{PD-old-70}} or {{PD-anon-70}} in these cases.
Stamps issued from 1990
Posts and Telecommunications of Finland became a state-owned enterprise known as Posti-Tele in 1990. It is not clear whether this entity and its successors retained the status of public bodies. The precautionary principle is that we assume it did not, and any new stamps issued from 1990 onward remain copyrighted.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Finland
COM:France
ফ্রান্স
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of France
COM:Georgia
জর্জিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Georgia
COM:Germany
জার্মানি
According to a decision by a German regional court (Landgericht Berlin) in a case of the heirs of German artist Loriot against the Wikimedia Foundation, announced 27 March 2012, German postage stamps are not "official works" according to § 5 I or II UrhG and are therefore not in the public domain, as previously assumed on Commons.
Stamps of other private entities are copyrighted as well. However, the usual German copyright expiration term applies - copyright expires 70 years after 1 January after death of the creator. Some individual stamps may be copyright-free for other reasons (e.g. simple graphic design). For a further discussion, see Wikilegal/Copyright of Images in German Postage Stamps
Outdated license templates, to be deleted or changed
See Commons:WikiProject Public Domain/German stamps review.
- Template:PD-German stamps
for stamps of Deutsche Post AG, issued from 5 May 1995 on (imprint „Deutschland“) - Template:PD-Deutsche Bundespost stamps
for stamps of Deutsche Bundespost (Federal Mail, including Saarland) issued from 1949 until 6 April 1995 - Template:PD-Deutsche Bundespost Berlin stamps
for stamps of Deutsche Bundespost Berlin issued from 1949 until September 27, 1990 - Template:PD-GDR stamps
for stamps of Deutsche Post der DDR (German Democratic Republic, 1945 - 1990) - Template:PD-DBZ stamps
for stamps issued by Allied Occupation authorities (1945 - 1949) - Template:PD-German Empire stamps
for stamps of Deutsche Reichspost (Imperial Mail, including foreign entities) issued before 1945 - For stamps of the pre-Imperial German states the Template:PD-old applies.
- See talk pages for updates.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Germany
- See talk pages for updates.
COM:Greece
গ্রিস
Stamps by artists deceased more than 70 years ago (or pseudonymously designed more than 70 years ago, before 1 January Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "২".) are free. The copyright status of all other stamps issued before 1970 is disputed (possibly {{PD-GreekGov}} as government administrative documents). Stamps issued since 1970 follow the 70 years pma rule.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Greece
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Haiti
COM:Hungary
হাঙ্গেরি
Stamps of Hungary are probably not in the public domain.
Although Hungarian copyright law denies copyright protection for "means of state direction" (Act No. LXXVI. of 1999], I.4), the recommendation by the Council of Copyright Experts rejects a similar arguments for banknotes and suggests that "means of state direction" applies to specific, "official" uses of a work.[2][3] The same logic is presumed to apply to stamps as well. Assume copyrighted until general term of protection expires.
Also refer to Commons talk:Stamps/Public domain#Hungary and Commons:Undeletion requests/Archive/2013-10#File:1888 Kodaly 500.jpg
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Hungary
COM:Iceland
আইসল্যান্ড
No information available
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of India
COM:Indonesia
ইন্দোনেশিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Indonesia
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Iran
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Iraq
COM:Ireland
প্রজাতন্ত্রী আয়ারল্যান্ড
Irish stamps issued by the Department of Posts and Telegraphs before 1984 are official works and those over 50 years old are in the public domain (published before 1 January Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "২".). Use {{PD-IrishGov}} to tag them. Since 1 January 1984, when An Post was established Irish stamps are copyright to the company.
COM:Israel
ইসরায়েল
Paragraph 51 of Israeli Postal Services Statute 1986, in its 2004 revised version stipulates that the State owns full copyrights for Israeli stamps. The Israeli copyright statute from 2007 determines that the State's copyrights expire on 1 January of the 51st year after the creation of the work. Hence, only stamps created 50 or more years ago are in the public domain. Template:PD-IsraelGov would be appropriate to indicate their copyright status.
Until specific information becomes available, apply the 70 years pma rule (or 70 years after issue for anonymous/pseudonymous stamps), so stamps by designers deceased more than 70 years are public domain. Where there are joint authors, such as an engraver and a designer, the copyright term starts following the death of the last survivor.
{{PD-Italy}} does not apply to Italian stamps. The law contains no exceptions to standard copyright law for stamps.
Stamps sometimes contain date and author. The Stamp Art blog, while not necessarily reliable, does list designers and some engravers of Italian stamps and Italian stamp designers, so may be worth reviewing.[4] The following list of artists whose works are in public domain because they died on or before 31 December 1950 is non-exhaustive:
- Ferraris, Giuseppe (engraver) (1791–1869)
- Joubert Ferdinand (1810–1884)
- Matraire, Francesco (- c1884)
- Wyon, Leonard Charles (1826–1891)
- Bigola, Ludovico (1822–1905 )
- Michetti, Francesco Paolo (1851–1929)
- Del Neri, Edoardo (1890–1932)
- Calcagnadoro, Antonino it (1876–1935)
- Sezanne, Augusto (1856–1935)
- D'Urso, Nicola (1877–1937)
- Cellini, Guiseppe (1855–1940)
- Savage, Robert (engraver: ABNC) (1868–1943)
- Terzi, Aleardo (1870–1943)
- Constantini, Giovanni (1872–1947)
- Chiappelli, Francesco (1890–1947)
- Mezzana, Corrado (1890–1952)
Works by the following artists will remain protected until 70 years after their death:
- Rondini, Guiseppe (1881–1955) @2026
- Paschetto, Paolo Antonio (1885–1956) @2027
- Grassi, Vittorio (1878–1958) @2029
- Frigerio, Federico (1873–1959) @2030
- Cambellotti, Duilio (1876–1960) @2031
- Morbiducci, Publius (1889–1963) @2034
- Cossio, Carlo (1907–1964) @2035
- Di Fausto, Florestano (1890–1965) @2036
- Parmeggiani, Carlo (1881–1967) @2038
- Parrini, Manlio (1901–1968) @2039
- Mancioli, Corrado (1904–1968) @2039
- Conti, Gian Battista (1878–1971) @2042
- Lalia, Alfredo (1907–1971) @2042
- Marussig, Guido (1885–1972) @2043
- Guerrini, Giovanni (1887–1972) @2043
- Garelli, Franco (1909–1973) @2044
- Lerario, Giovanni (1913–1973) @2044
- Retrosi, Virgilio (1892–1975) @2046
- Morelli, Enzo (1896–1976) @2047
- Ortona, Ugo (1888–1977) @2048
- Cisari, Giulio (1892–1979) @2050
- Melis, Melkiorre it (1889–1982) @2053
- Zainea, Serban (1907–1990)[২] @2061
- Garrasi, Renato (1915–1990)(some sources say 1954) @2061
- Dominioni, Paolo Caccia (1896–1992) @2063
- Marangoni, Tranquillo (1912–1992) @2063
- Ferrini, Renato (1910–2005) @2076
- Tuccelli, Maria Maddalena-(b. 1951)
The following artists have unknown death dates:
- Liana Ferri (stamp designs 1934)[5]
- Gustavo Petronio (active c1920s–1950s)[6]
- Alberto Repettati (c.1896-1940s)
- Dino Tofani (1895–?1930)
- C. Vincenti (1930s)
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Japan
COM:Kazakhstan
কাজাখস্তান
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Kazakhstan
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Kenya
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Laos
COM:Latvia
লাতভিয়া
.
The Copyright Law of 2000 (as amended up to June 14, 2017) says that official symbols and signs (flags, coats of arms, anthems, and awards) are not protected, but does not include stamps in this list. It also says that official documents and official translations of such texts are not protected, but a stamp cannot be considered to be the text of an official document. Under the precautionary principle we must assume that stamps are protected in the normal way.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Latvia
COM:Liechtenstein
লিশটেনস্টাইন
According to the Law of May 19, 1999, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, "Copyright protection shall not subsist in ... means of payment".[1999-2006 Art.5]
However, Liechtenstein generally emulates Swiss law, and Liechtenstein's Copyright Act is based on the Swiss text. The majority of Swiss copyright law commentaries does not consider stamps "means of payment".[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]It is therefore likely that Liechtenstein stamps are protected by copyright as well.
In the past, {{PD-Liechtenstein}} was used for uploads of stamps from Liechtenstein, but this should not be done in the future, unless it's possible to produce evidence for the public domain claim.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Liechtenstein
COM:Lithuania
লিথুয়ানিয়া
use {{PD-LT-exempt}}.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Lithuania
COM:Malawi
মালাউই
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Malawi
COM:Malaysia
মালয়েশিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Malaysia
COM:Manchukuo
Manchukuo
As China has always claimed Northeast China without recognizing Manchukuo, any copyright of Manchukuo stamps would have expired no later on 1 January 1996.
China limits corporate copyright to 50 years since publication, and it is no longer known who designed the stamps.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Manchukuo
COM:Mexico
মেক্সিকো
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Mexico
COM:Moldova
মলদোভা
use {{PD-MD-exempt}}.
According to the law on Copyright of the Republic of Moldova no. 293-XIII of 23 November 1994 (Amended by Law no. 1268-XV, of 25 July 2002) Article 7. refers to "State emblems and official signs (flags, armorial bearings, decorations, monetary signs, etc.)" as Works Not Protected by Copyright. The Moldovan Postal Law No. 36 from 29 April 2016 defines postal stamp as "printed valuable sign issued and put into circulation exclusively by the state as an attribute of its sovereignty".[15]
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Moldova
COM:Mozambique
মোজাম্বিক
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Mozambique
COM:Myanmar
মিয়ানমার
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Myanmar
COM:Namibia
নামিবিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Namibia
COM:Netherlands
নেদারল্যান্ডস
See nl:Wikipedia:Beleid voor gebruik van media/Postzegels (In Dutch).
Prior to 1 January 1989, the government-owned corporation PTT considered Dutch stamps as being created by the PTT company and as such was considered their author. In The Netherlands copyright expires 70 years after the death of the author. With stamps issued prior to 1989, copyright expires 70 years after publication.
From 1 January 1989 onwards, the PTT became the private company TNT Post. The rules are sometimes different compared to the period before 01-01-1989; for example, when there is more than one author of a stamp.
As of ২০২৪ Dutch stamps created in the period 1852–১৯৫৩ are considered to be Public Domain.
COM:New Zealand
নিউজিল্যান্ড
No information available
COM:Nicaragua
নিকারাগুয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Nicaragua
COM:North Korea
উত্তর কোরিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of North Korea
COM:Ottoman Empire
উসমানীয় সাম্রাজ্য
No information available
COM:Pakistan
পাকিস্তান
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Pakistan
COM:Panama
পানামা
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Panama
COM:Paraguay
প্যারাগুয়ে
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Paraguay
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Peru
COM:Philippines
ফিলিপাইন
No information available
COM:Poland
পোল্যান্ড
According to Article 4, case 2 of the Polish Copyright Law Act of February 4, 1994 "normative acts and drafts thereof as well as official documents, materials, signs and symbols are not subject to copyrights".
Such materials should use {{PD-Polishsymbol}}.
Unfortunately it is unclear if Polish stamps and banknotes are considered official materials, signs or symbols by Polish law.
In 2009 about 900 files with Polish stamps were deleted (see Commons talk:Stamps/Archive 1#Polish stamps are copyrighted for the discussion).
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Poland
COM:Romania
রোমানিয়া
use {{PD-RO-exempt}}.
According to the Romanian Law on Copyright and Neighboring Rights Law no. 8/1996 of 14 March 1996 with further amendments Chapter 3 Article 9 "means of payment" shall not benefit from the legal protection accorded to copyright; therefore images of stamps are deemed to be in the public domain. Further, the Romanian law on postal services from 6 March 2013 defines postal stamp as "paper of value issued and put into circulation exclusively under the authority of the state, as an attribute of its sovereignty",[16] implying that Romania postal stamps are "official symbols of the State, public authorities and organizations", which are not protected by the Romanian copyright.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Romania
COM:Russia
রাশিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Russia
COM:Seychelles
সেশেলস
No information available
COM:Singapore
সিঙ্গাপুর
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Singapore
COM:South Africa
দক্ষিণ আফ্রিকা
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of South Africa
COM:South Korea
দক্ষিণ কোরিয়া
No information available
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of South Korea
COM:Soviet Union
সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন
use {{PD-RU-exempt|stamps}}
Since, according to intergovernmental and international treaties, Russian Federation is a legal successor to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the tag {{PD-RU-exempt}} (please see "Russia" above) also applies to images of postage stamps, stamped covers and stamped post cards (postal stationery) of the RSFSR and USSR.
.
Communication with Spain's Philatelic Bureau suggests no public domain. Permission to scan images of Spanish stamps requires a specific request to the Sociedad Estatal de Correos y Telégrafos.
According to Spanish copyright law, while most official works are not protected by copyright, standalone images are specifically exempted, and the author retains copyright. So it is safe to assume that Spanish stamps are copyright their designers, in which case they are protected for 70 years after the author's death, or 80 years if the author died before 1988.
If the designer is unknown, the stamp falls into the public domain 70 years after it was issued, or 80 years if issued before 1987.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Spain
COM:Sri Lanka
শ্রীলঙ্কা
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Sri Lanka
COM:Sweden
সুইডেন
Swedish stamps do not seem to have a copyright exception in Sweden, so stamps are in PD 70 years after the death of the engraver.
আরও দেখুন : Category talk:Stamps of Sweden
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Sweden
COM:Switzerland
সুইজারল্যান্ড
According to Article 5 of the Federal Act on Copyright and Related Rights, "copyright does not protect [...] means of payment". However, the prevailing view among legal commentators is that stamps are not considered means of payment and do not fall under any other exemption clause. They therefore enjoy copyright protection.[17]আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Switzerland
COM:Taiwan
তাইওয়ান
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Taiwan
COM:Tajikistan
তাজিকিস্তান
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Tajikistan
COM:Thailand
থাইল্যান্ড
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Thailand
The copyright situation is unclear.
The Post Office Act (1933, 1977) does not mention copyright.[18]The Copyright Acts 2002 states that,
- For a collective work other than a work of applied art ... the economic and moral rights are protected for fifty years from the date on which the work was either made, first made available to the public, or first published, whichever date is the latest.[2002 Sec.18]
- A "work of applied art" is an artistic creation with utilitarian functions or incorporated in a useful article, whether made by hand or produced on an industrial scale.[2002 Sec.2] The economic and moral rights are protected for twenty five years the making of the work.[2002 Sec.18]
Thus, any stamp published more than 50 years ago should be in the public domain.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Tonga
COM:Turkey
তুরস্ক
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Turkey
COM:Turkmenistan
তুর্কমেনিস্তান
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Turkmenistan
COM:Ukraine
ইউক্রেন
use {{PD-UA-exempt}}.
According to the Article 10 of the Law of Ukraine on Copyright and Related rights, all Ukrainian stamps are in the public domain. They are defined as "state signs" in the Law of Ukraine On Postal Service (4 October 2001) :
- Postage stamp means a state sign manufactured according to the procedure set forth by legislation, with specified face value and state, serving as the tool of payment for postal services provided by the national operator.[19]
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Ukraine
COM:United Arab Emirates
সংযুক্ত আরব আমিরাত
COM:United Kingdom
যুক্তরাজ্য
. British stamp designs published before 1st October 1969 were "Crown Copyright", which expired after 50 years and put the stamps in the public domain. (See Crown copyright [in English].) This also applies to the stamps of the various territories of the British Empire prior to their independence.
In 1969, the Post Office was established as a non-Crown body. Since then, the copyright of new British stamps has been held by the Post Office or Royal Mail in its own right, so in general no stamp may be uploaded.
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of United Kingdom
COM:United States
মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্র
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of United States
COM:Uzbekistan
উজবেকিস্তান
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Uzbekistan
COM:Venezuela
ভেনেজুয়েলা
আরও দেখুন : Category:Stamps of Venezuela
Universal Postal Union/ WADP/ WNS
The Universal Postal Union, in conjunction with the World Association for the Development of Philately (WADP), has developed the WADP Numbering System (WNS), launched on 1 January 2002. The web site (https://www.wnsstamps.post/en/Stamps-Search) has entries for some 160 countries and emitting postal entities, with over 25,000 registered stamps since 2002. Many of them have images, which generally remain copyrighted by the issuing country, but which the UPU and WADP permit to be downloaded.
তথ্যসূত্র
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