共享资源:各地著作权法规/中美和墨西哥完整表

This page gives overviews of copyright rules in different countries of Central America and Mexico, as defined in the United Nations geoscheme for the Americas. It is "transcluded" from individual pages giving the rules for each country. The list may be used for comparison or maintenance.

文本嵌入自
COM:Belize

伯利兹

著作权法规： 伯利兹 快捷方式: COM:伯利兹
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+50年
匿名	出版 + 50年
视听作品	出版 + 50年
其他
全景自由	是
截至年底	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Belize}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	2000年6月17日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年1月1日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2019年2月9日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Belize relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Belize must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Belize and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Belize, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

背景

The Belize region became a British colony in 1840, known as British Honduras, and a Crown colony in 1862. Belize became independent on 21 September 1981.

Belize has been a member of the World Trade Organization since 1 January 1995, the Berne Convention since 17 June 2000 and the WIPO Copyright Treaty effective 9 February 2019.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act (Cap. 252, Revised Edition 2000) as the main copyright law enacted by the legislature of Belize. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.

Prior to 2000, copyright was governed by the Copyright Act 1956 of the United Kingdom per article 5 of the Belize Independence Order 1981.

一般规则

According to the Belize Copyright Act of 2000,

• Literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic works are protected for 50 years after the death of the author.^{[Cap.252/2000 Section 10(1)]}
• If the author is unknown, the works are protected for 50 years after publication unless the author becomes known during that period, in which case the works are protected for 50 years after the death of the author.^{[Cap.252/2000 Section 10(2)]}
• A work of joint authorship is protected for 50 years after the death of the last surviving known author, or 50 years after publication if none of the authors is known.^{[Cap.252/2000 Section 10(5)]}
• Copyright in a sound recording or film expires 50 years after it was made, or 50 years after it was made available to the public.^{[Cap.252/2000 Section 11]}

Protection ceases at the end of the last calendar year.

许可协议标签

• {{PD-Belize}} for works in the public domain under Belize copyright law
• For stamps issued before Belizean independence (in the territory of British Honduras), crown copyright applies (See {{PD-UKGov}}).

全景自由

可以 {{FoP-Belize}} The Belize Copyright Act of 2000 states that photographs, films, or graphic works depicting a building, sculpture, or work of artistic craftsmanship, if permanently situated in a public place or in premises open to the public, do not infringe the copyright of the original work.^{[Cap.252/2000 Section 78]}

Prior to 2000, freedom of panorama was granted by the Copyright Act 1956 of the United Kingdom.

邮票

According Belize's Copyright Act of 2000, where a protected work has been made by or under the direction or control of the Government and, apart from this subsection no copyright would subsist in the work, then copyright shall subsist therein by virtue of this subsection and shall initially belong to the State.^{[Cap.252/2000 Section 25(4)]} No special terms are specified for stamps or other government works, so standard copyright rules apply.

For stamps issued before Belizean independence (1981), crown copyright applies.

货币

As of 2019, all Belize coins are in the public domain, with the exception of some commemorative and numismatic coins (e.g. those created by the Franklin Mint). The designs for all currently circulating Belize coins were created in the 1950s or earlier by the Royal Mint of the United Kingdom (when Belize was British Honduras). Thus they were under crown copyrights which have now expired. Please use {{PD-UKGov}} for these in addition to a license for the photographs (since coins are considered 3D objects). Any future coin designs, however, are likely to be copyrighted by the Belizean government, as Belize does not have a public domain exception for government works.

参见

• Belize
• Category:Postage stamps of Belize

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Costa Rica

哥斯达黎加

著作权法规： 哥斯达黎加 快捷方式: COM:哥斯达黎加
保护期限
标准	作者逝世 + 70年
匿名	創作或發表年份+50年
视听作品	出版 + 70年
其他
全景自由	否
截至年底	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Costa Rica}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1978年6月10日
世界著作权公约	1955年9月16日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年1月1日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2002年3月6日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Costa Rica relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Costa Rica must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Costa Rica and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Costa Rica, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

背景

Costa Rica came under Spanish rule in the 16th century. It gained independence on 15 September 1821.

Costa Rica has been a member of the Universal Copyright Convention since 16 September 1955, the Berne Convention since 10 June 1978, the World Trade Organization since 1 January 1995 and the WIPO Copyright Treaty since 6 March 2002.

As of 2021 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed Law No. 6683 of October 14, 1982, on Copyright and Related Rights (as amended up to Law No. 9957 of April 14, 2021) as the main copyright law enacted by the legislature of Costa Rica. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.

一般规则

According to Law Nº 6683 as amended up to 2010,

• Copyright lasts for the life of the author and 70 years after their death.^{[6683/2010 Article 58]}
• When the duration of protection of a work is calculated on a basis other than the life of a natural person, this duration shall be:
  • 70 years from the year of publication.^{[6683/2010 Article 58(a)]}
  • If publication does not occur within 70 years from creation, protection lasts 70 years from the year the work was first made available to the public.^{[6683/2010 Article 58(b)]}
  • If the work was neither published not made available to the public with 70 years from creation, it is protected for 70 years from creation.^{[6683/2010 Article 58(c)]}

• With collaborative works the term of 70 years is counted from the death of the last co-author.^{[6683/2010 Article 59]}
• Dictionaries, encyclopedias and other collective works are protected for 70 years from publication.^{[6683/2010 Article 60]}
• Anonymous and pseudonymous works are protected for 70 years from publication.^{[6683/2010 Article 62]}

The terms of protection given above are counted from 31 December of the year of the event that started them.^{[6683/2010 Article 65]}

政府版權

According to Costa Rica's intellectual property law (Law 6683, as amended by Law 8834 of 3 May 2010):

• Everyone is allowed to freely reproduce constitutions, laws, decrees, municipal agreements, regulations and other public acts, as long as they strictly conform to the official edition. Individuals can also publish the codes and legislative collections, with notes and comments, and each author will own their own work.^{[6683/2010 Article 75]}
• The State, municipal councils and official corporations shall enjoy the protection of this law, but with regard to economic rights, they shall have them for only 25 years from publication of the work, except in the case of public entities, whose purpose is the exercise of these rights as an ordinary activity; in which case the protection will be 50 years.^{[6683/2010 Article 63]}

版权标签

• {{PD-Costa Rica}}
• {{CC-CRC-PresidenciadelaRepublica}}

货币

•  不可以 for currency less than 25 years old.
•  Unsure for currency between 25 and 50 years old.
• 可以 for currency more than 50 years old.

The Central Bank of Costa Rica (Banco Central de Costa Rica) is the "copyright holder of Costa Rica’s currency design -protected under Law No. 6683" According to Costa Rica's intellectual property law (Law 6683, as amended by Law 8834 of 3 May 2010):

• The State, the municipal councils and the official corporations shall enjoy the protection of this Law, but, as far as economic rights are concerned, only for 25 years from the date of publication of the work, except in the case of public bodies whose purpose is the exercise of such rights as their normal activity, in which case protection shall be for 50 years.^{[6683/2010 Article 63]}

All images of Costa Rican currency must use {{Currency}}, as the Central Bank of Costa Rica has placed several Non-copyright restrictions on use of images of Costa Rican currency.

全景自由

 不可以: Non-commercial use of public art and architecture only. ({{NoFoP-Costa Rica}}) According to Law Nº 6683 as amended up to 2021:

• It is lawful to make photographic reproductions or other pictorial processes, when this reproduction is without commercial purpose, of statues, monuments and other works of art protected by copyright, acquired by the public authority, exhibited in the streets, gardens and museums.^{[6683/2021 Article 71]}

This non-commercial restriction is identical to the 2010 version of the law; in any case, image files of copyrighted Costa Rican architecture and public art are not allowed on Wikimedia Commons and must be nominated for deletion; such content does not conform to Commons:Licensing which requires commercial uses.

Original Spanish text:

Es lícita la reproducción fotográfica o por otros procesos pictóricos, cuando esta reproducción sea sin fines comerciales, de las estatuas, monumentos y otras obras de arte protegidas por derechos de autor, adquiridos por el poder público, expuestos en las calles, los jardines y los museos.

邮票

The basic copyright law of Costa Rica is: Ley Nº 6683 - Ley de Derechos de Autor y Derechos Conexos. There are no specific provision for copyrights of postage stamps, but all works are copyrighted until 70 years after the author's death. In the case of government agencies and other public entities the copyrights of official works expired after 25 years, and in special cases after 50 years (i.e. books), both since the original publication date.

参见

• Costa Rica
• Category:Costa Rican FOP cases
• Category:License tags of Costa Rica
• Category:Stamps of Costa Rica

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:El Salvador

薩爾瓦多

著作权法规： 萨瓦尔多 快捷方式: COM:萨瓦尔多
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+70年
匿名	出版 + 70年
其他
全景自由	For exterior architecture and most types of public art
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-old-auto}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1994年2月19日
世界著作权公约	1979年3月29日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年5月7日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2002年3月6日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

本页提供萨瓦尔多版权法规的概况，用以辅助向维基共享资源上传作品。请注意，任何原来在萨瓦尔多当地发表的作品，必须在萨瓦尔多和美国同时处于公有领域或是以自由授权协议发布，才能够上传至维基共享资源。如果您对于在萨瓦尔多发表的任何一个作品的著作权有疑虑，请参考下列对应的法规来进行厘清。

背景

在16世纪初萨瓦尔多成为西班牙殖民地。在1821年独立，并相继成为第一墨西哥帝国（1821-23）、中美洲联邦共和国（1823-1841）和中美洲共和国（1895-98）的一部分。

El Salvador has been a member of the Universal Copyright Convention since 29 March 1979, the Berne Convention since 19 February 1994, the World Trade Organization since 7 May 1995 and the WIPO Copyright Treaty since 6 March 2002.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Law on Intellectual Property (as amended up to Legislative Decree No. 611 of February 15, 2017) as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of El Salvador. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database. It supersedes the Legislative Decree No. 604 of 15 July 1993. WIPO also holds a copy on the 1993 law.

一般规则

According to the Law on Intellectual Property as amended up to February 15, 2017,

• Protection when the author is a natural person applies during the life of the author and 70 years from the day of his death.^{[2017 Article 86(a)]}
• For joint authorship, protection lasts for 70 years from the death of the last surviving co-author.^{[2017 Article 86(a)]}
• For anonymous or pseudonymous works, protection lasts for 70 years from 1 January after the year of first public disclosure.^{[2017 Article 86(b)]}
• When protection is not based on the author's life, the period will be for 70 years from 1 January after the year of first public disclosure.^{[2017 Article 86(c)]} If there is no authorized disclosure in the 50 years after creation, the period will be for 70 years from 1 January after the year of creation.^{[2017 Article 86(c)]}

The protection term was 50 years in the law of 1993.

全景自由

可以 for exterior architecture and most types of public art. {{FoP-El Salvador}}

• "The following shall be allowed without the consent of the author or remuneration: . . . the reproduction of a work of art on permanent display in a street, square or other public place in an artistic medium different from that used for the making of the original; with regard to buildings, this right shall be limited to the exterior façade".^{[2017 Article 45 (f)]}

Spanish text:

Respecto de las obras ya divulgadas lícitamente, es permitida sin autorización del autor ni remuneración: . . . La reproducción de una obra de arte expuesta permanentemente en las calles, plazas u otros lugares públicos, por medio de un arte diverso al empleado para la elaboración del original. Respecto de los edificios, dicha facultad se limita a la fachada exterior.

邮票

According to the 2017 revision, works owned by legal entities are protected for 70 years counted from 1 January of the year following that of first publication.^{[2017 Article 86(c)]}

Translation of the specific permission to use images of postage stamps for non-commercial educational, philatelic and cultural purposes was contained in an email message dated 11 January 2007 from Silvia María Orantes, Head of the Philatelic Office, Government of El Salvador but commercial restriction images are not permitted here.

參見

• El Salvador
• Category:Salvadoran FOP cases
• Category:Stamps of El Salvador

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Guatemala

危地马拉

著作权法规： 危地马拉 快捷方式: COM:危地马拉
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+75年
匿名	创作或发表年份+75年
视听作品	创作或发表年份+75年
集体作品	创作或发表年份+75年
其他
截至年底	是
协议
伯尔尼公约	1997年7月28日
世界著作权公约	1964年10月28日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年7月21日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2003年2月4日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Guatemala relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Guatemala must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Guatemala and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Guatemala, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

背景

The territory of modern Guatemala was conquered by the Spanish in the 16th century. Guatemala attained independence in 1821 as part of the Federal Republic of Central America, which dissolved by 1841.

Guatemala has been a member of the Universal Copyright Convention since 28 October 1964, the World Trade Organization since 21 July 1995, the Berne Convention since 28 July 1997 and the WIPO Copyright Treaty since 4 February 2003.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Law on Copyright and Related Rights (Decree No. 33-98, as amended up to Decree No. 11-2006 of the Congress of the Republic) as the main copyright law enacted by the legislature of Guatemala. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.

General rules

Under Decree Number 33-98 as amended up to 2006,

• Except as otherwise provided in this Act, rights are protected for the life of the author plus 75 years after his death.^{[33-98/2006 Art.43]}
• With works with two or more authors, the period of protection is based on death of the last surviving coauthor.^{[33-98/2006 Art.43]}
• With computer programs and collective works, the term of protection is 75 years from the first publication or, if not published, from completion of the work.^{[33-98/2006 Art.44]}

• With anonymous or pseudonymous works, the term of protection starts from first publication or, failing that, from creation.^{[33-98/2006 Art.44]}
• With audiovisual works, the period is counted from the first authorized publication of the work, provided that such publication occurs within 75 years after execution. Otherwise, the period is counted from the performance of the work.^{[33-98/2006 Art.47]}

The above terms of protection are computed from 1 January of the year following that of the event they are based on.^{[33-98/2006 Art.48]}

The State and its public entities, municipalities, universities and other educational establishments in the country, shall enjoy the protection established by law.^{[33-98/2006 Art.49]}

全景自由

可以 {{FoP-Guatemala}}

Section 64 of Guatemala's copyright law as of 2006 says:

"With respect to already published works, is permitted, without the author's consent, besides what is set forth in article 32: [...]

d) The reproduction for personal use of a work of art permanently exhibited in public places or on the exterior façade of buildings, made by means of an art different from that used in the making of the original, provided that the name of the author, if known, the title of the work, if it has one, and the place it is located are indicated".^{[33-98/2006 Art.64(d)]}

Original language (Spanish) text:

ARTÍCULO 64. Respecto de las obras ya divulgadas también es permitida, sin autorización del autor, además de lo dispuesto en el artículo 32: [...]

d) La reproducción para uso personal de una obra de arte expuesta en forma permanente en lugares públicos o en la fachada exterior de edificios, ejecutada por medio de un arte que sea distinto al empleado para la elaboración del original, siempre que se indique el nombre del autor, si se conociere, así como el título de la obra, si lo tiene, y el lugar donde se encuentra.

See the discussions here and here for more information.

参见

• Guatemala
• Category:Guatemalan FOP cases

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Honduras

洪都拉斯

著作权法规： 洪都拉斯 快捷方式: COM:洪都拉斯
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+75年
匿名	出版 + 75年
视听作品	出版 + 75年
集体作品	出版 + 75年
其他
全景自由	否
截至年底	是
协议
伯尔尼公约	1990年1月25日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年1月1日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2002年5月20日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Honduras relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Honduras must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Honduras and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Honduras, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

背景

Honduras gained independence from Spain in 1821. It was part of the First Mexican Empire until 1823, then part of the United Provinces of Central America until 1838. Since then it has been an independent republic.

Honduras has been a member of the Berne Convention since 25 January 1990, the World Trade Organization since 1 January 1995 and the WIPO Copyright Treaty since 20 May 2002.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Law on Copyright and Related Rights (Decree No. 4-99-E, as amended by Decree No. 16-2006) as the main copyright law enacted by the legislature of Honduras. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.

一般规则

• Economic rights are protected during the life of the author and 75 years after his death.^{[16-2006 Article 44]}
• For collaborative works, protection is for the life of the last surviving author and 75 years after his death.^{[16-2006 Article 44.1]}
• For anonymous and pseudonymous works, protection last for 75 years from the date the work was legally published for the first time, or, in the absence of such authorized publication within 50 years from creation, protection lasts for 70 years from the end of the calendar year when the work was created.^{[16-2006 Article 44.2]}

• For collective, audiovisual works and work made for employers, protection is for 75 years from the date of first publication, or if it is not published within 50 years, for 70 years from the end of the year in which the work was created.^{[16-2006 Article 44.3]}
• With articles in the press, magazines, etc., the publisher has the right to disseminate it once, but the author retains all other rights.^{[16-2006 Article 70]} This also applies to drawings, cartoons, jokes, graphics, photographs and other works published in newspapers, magazines and other means of social communication.^{[16-2006 Article 72]}

全景自由

 不可以 仅允许个人使用，使用与原始媒体不同的媒体。

The 2006 revision of the Law on Copyright and Related Rights, article 52, states:

• It is lawful, for personal use, to reproduce a work of art permanently exhibited in the streets, squares or other public places, by means of an art different from that used for making the original. With respect to buildings, this is limited to the exterior façade.^{[16-2006 Article 52]}

參見

• Category:Honduran FOP cases

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Mexico

墨西哥

著作权法规： 墨西哥 快捷方式: COM:墨西哥
保护期限
标准	作者逝世 + 100年
其他
全景自由	是
截至年底	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-old-auto}} {{PD-Mexico}} {{PD-MX-exempt}} {{PD-Mexico-NIP}} {{FoP-Mexico}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1967年6月11日
世界著作权公约	1957年5月12日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年1月1日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2002年3月6日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

此頁面概述了與將作品上傳到維基共享資源相關的墨西哥版權規則。請注意，任何源自墨西哥的作品在上傳到維基共享資源之前必須在墨西哥和美國處於公共領域，或在免費許可下可用。如果對來自墨西哥的作品的版權狀況有任何疑問，請參閱相關法律進行澄清。

背景

墨西哥於1521年被西班牙征服。1821年獨立。

墨西哥自1957年5月12日起成為世界版權公約的成員，自1967年6月11日起成為伯爾尼公約的成員，Template:Wp-wp-World Trade Organization自1995年1月1日起和產權組織版權條約自2002年3月6日起生效。

截至2018年，聯合國機構世界知識產權組織（產權組織）列出了聯邦版權法（在聯邦官方期刊上發表的合併文本）2018年6月15日作為墨西哥立法機關頒布的主要知識產權法。 產權組織在其WIPO Lex數據庫中保存了該法律的文本。愛德華多·德拉帕拉·特魯希略在2004年撰寫了一篇關於版權法改革的批評性評論，該評論可能仍然具有相關性。

概述

根據《聯邦版權法》（1996年，合併至2018年6月15日），

• 版權在作者有生之年和他們死後100年有效。^{[1996-2018 Art. 29(一)]}
• 對於共同作者的作品，版權在作者有生之年和最後一位倖存者去世後100年有效。^{[1996-2018 Art. 29(一)]}
• 版權在作品公開後也持續100年。^{[1996-2018 Art. 29(二)]}
• 在確定作者或權利所有者之前，匿名作品屬於公共領域。^{[1996-2018 Art. 153]}
• 塑料或攝影作品：作者的一生加上100年。^{[1996-2018 Art. 92 之二]}
• 非原創數據庫：自創建之日起5年。^{[1996-2018 Art. 108]}
• 音樂團體、合唱團、管弦樂隊、芭蕾舞團和劇院公司：自聲音作品錄製之日起75年，或首次廣播（電視和廣播），或未錄製作品的首次表演。^{[1996-2018 Art. 127]}
• 圖書編輯：自第一版出版之日起50年。^{[1996-2018 Art. 127]}
• 唱片製作人：自錄製日期起75年。^{[1996-2018 Art. 134]}
• 視頻製作人：自拍攝之日起50年。^{[1996-2018 Art. 138]}
• 廣播組織：從第一次廣播（電視和廣播）起50年。^{[1996-2018 Art. 146]}

上述不適用於在2003年7月23日之前已經進入公有領域的作品。一般而言，這意味著1952年之前去世的人創作的作品屬於公共領域，因為他們在1982年1月12日實施非追溯性延長壽命加50年之前30年去世。

期限延长

版權條款已多次延長，但不具有追溯力。如果作品在每部新法律生效之前處於公有領域，則作品仍處於公有領域。相關法律包括1928年聯邦民法典、1948年聯邦版權法、1956年聯邦版權法、1963年聯邦版權法、1982年一般版權制度和1996年聯邦版權法以及後來到2014年的改革。

• 1928年：
  • 50年的科學工作。^{[1928 Art.1181]}
  • 30年的藝術作品。^{[1928 Art.1183]}
  • 需要在出版後3年內註冊。^{[1928 Art.1189]}
• 1948年：所有條款變為終身加 20 年。^{[1948 Art.8]}1948年1月14日或之後首次出版的作品不再需要註冊；註冊舊作品以重新獲得版權的六個月寬限期。^{[1948 Trans.Art.Tercero]}
• 1963年：所有條款都變成了生命加30年。^{[1963 Art.23(I)]}
• 1982年：1982年1月11日的官方日報報導了對第23條的修訂，根據該條款，版權有效期為終身加50年，死後作品為出版後50年，匿名作品為出版後50年。
• 1994年：1993年該期限延長至終身加75年，自1994年1月1日起生效，僅適用於當時仍受版權保護的作品。
• 2003年：該期限延長至壽命加100年。

在URAA回溯日（1996年1月1日），1982年版权法案仍然适用。

政府版權

墨西哥政府創作的作品不默認為公有領域，在出版後100年受到保護。^{[1996-2018 Art.29(II)]} 這適用於聯邦、州和市政府。 與知名作者一樣，該術語在過去反复擴展。

• 根據1928年聯邦民法典，政府不能擁有版權。^{[1928 Art.1235]}
• 從出版起延長至30年似乎發生在1963年。
• 1982年1月11日的官方日記中記錄了從50年後的延長。

Protected

Under the 1996 copyright law as of 2018, the following are protected,^{[1996-2018 Art.13]}

• I. Literary works;
• II. Musical works with or without words;
• III. Dramatic works;
• IV. Dances;
• V. Pictorial works or works of drawing;
• VI. Sculptures and works of three-dimensional art;
• VII. Caricatures and cartoons;
• VIII. Architectural works;
• IX. Cinematographic and other audiovisual works;
• X. Radio and television programs;
• XI. Computer programs;
• XII. Photographs;
• XIII. Works of applied art, including works of graphic or textile design;
• XIV. Works of compilation, consisting of collections of works such as encyclopedias, anthologies, and databases, provided that the said collections constitute intellectual creations by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents.

不受保护

根據1996年版權法，截至2018年，以下內容不受保護，^{[1996-2018 Art.14]}

• 一、任何種類的想法、公式、解決方案、概念、方法、系統、原則、發現、過程和發明；
• 二、作品中包含的想法的工業或商業用途；
• 三、進行精神活動、遊戲或業務的計劃、計劃或規則；
• 四、字母、數字或孤立的顏色, 除非它們的風格使它們成為原始圖紙；
• 五、名稱和標題或孤立的短語；

• 六、可填寫任何類型信息的簡單格式或空白表格，以及它們的說明；
• 七、未經授權複製或模仿任何國家、州、市或同等政治部門的盾牌、旗幟或標誌，或國際政府、非政府組織或任何其他官方認可組織的教派、首字母縮略詞、符號或標誌。或任何其他官方認可的組織及其口頭名稱；
• 八、立法、監管、司法行政文本及其官方翻譯。 如果出版，他們必須堅持官方文本，不會授予獨家編輯權；然而，由作者本人創作原創作品的索引、解釋、比較研究、註釋、評論和其他類似作品將成為保護對象；

版权标签

• {{PD-Mexico}} – 作者在1952年之前去世或政府工作超過100年。
• {{PD-Coa-Mexico}} – 紋章。
• {{PD-MX-exempt}} – 墨西哥政府或任何其他官方認可的組織的盾牌、旗幟或標誌。
• {{PD-Mexico-NIP}} – 2006年4月之前在http://fuente.presidencia.gob.mx/上發布的所有信息。
• {{LGACDMX}} - 在“cdmx.gob.mx”網站上發布的所有公開信息。

货币

 不可以，墨西哥貨幣受版權保護，只有獲得財政部 (Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público) 的授權才能複制設計。 1928年7月23日之前生產的硬幣和紙幣在2003年7月23日法律變更之前進入公有領域，並繼續處於公有領域。

全景自由

可以 {{FoP-Mexico}}

墨西哥的聯邦版權法第148條允許在某些情況下無償複製：

• 已公開的文學藝術作品，在不影響作品正常使用的前提下，僅可在以下情況下使用，無需經濟權利人同意，且不收取任何報酬 總是提到來源，並且沒有對作品進行任何改動：^{[1996-2018 Art.148]}
• 通過繪畫、繪畫、照片和視聽過程對公共場所可見的作品進行複制、傳播和分發（“lugares publicos”）。^{[1996-2018 Art.148(VII)]}

術語lugares publicos被解釋為包括內部和外部公共場所。圖書館、市場、公園和公共花園等國有場所對全景自由沒有限制。 然而，由於文章的含糊不清，在某些情況下，墨西哥城地鐵（政府所有的系統）等一些場所要求用戶申請在設施內拍攝或拍照的許可。聯邦電信和廣播法也使用“公共場所”一詞。它將公共場所定義為：“......那些負責聯邦、州或市政實體的附屬機構，或在政府三個命令中的任何一個的公共計劃下......”根據該法（第 7 頁）的公共場所將包括：

• 學校、大學和各種用於教育的建築；
• 診所、醫院和各種用於醫療保健的建築物；
• 各類政府機關；
• 社區中心；
• 免費入場和開放場所，如公園、綠地和體育中心
• 在公共聯邦計劃中合作的地方。

原创门槛

如上所述，以下是1996年版權法受保護和不受保護的示例：

這些圖片 OK可以上傳到Commons

• 
  字母、數字或孤立的顏色
• 
  名稱和標題或孤立的短語
• 
  可填寫任何類型信息及其說明的簡單格式或空白表格（示例圖片）
• 
  未經授權複製或模仿任何國家、州、市或同等政治部門的盾牌、旗幟或標誌
• 
  未經授權，對國際政府、非政府組織或任何其他官方認可的組織進行複製或模仿

這些是 Not OK上傳到Commons（除非在版權所有者的免費許可下發布），因為它們高於版權保護所需的原創性門檻，不受法律本身的保護。

• 私人實體的標誌，例如足球隊或公司。“政府/非政府組織/官方認可的組織”一詞並不是指每個現有的 organization，而是指在特定目的下創建的組織。簡單來說，如果公司在他們的網站上使用“.com”，他們就不會被視為一個組織。如果他們使用“.org”，則他們作為一個組織運作。
• 在墨西哥運營的國際政府組織的標誌，其標誌首先在另一個國家發布。雖然大赦國際是一個在墨西哥運作的國際非政府組織，但他們的標誌最早在英國出版，擁有墨西哥法律無法撤銷的獨立版權.
• 假設，如果圍標不是由墨西哥政府創作的，它將受到保護，因為其字母符合條件“除非它們的風格使它們成為原始圖紙”。

参见

• México
• Category:License tags of Mexico
• Category:Mexican FOP cases
• Commons:Deletion requests/Template:FoP-Mexico

外部链接

• 墨西哥聯邦政府開放數據指南

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Nicaragua

尼加拉瓜

著作权法规： 尼加拉瓜 快捷方式: COM:尼加拉瓜
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+70年
匿名	披露年份+70年
其他
全景自由	否
截至年底	是
协议
伯尔尼公约	2000年8月23日
世界著作权公约	1961年8月16日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年9月3日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2003年3月6日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Nicaragua relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Nicaragua must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Nicaragua and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Nicaragua, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

Background

The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century. Nicaragua gained independence from Spain in 1821.

Nicaragua has been a member of the Universal Copyright Convention since 16 August 1961, the World Trade Organization since 3 September 1995, the Berne Convention since 23 August 2000 and the WIPO treaty since 6 March 2003.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed Law No. 312 of 1999 on Copyright and Neighboring Rights (consolidated version as of February 2001) as the main copyright law enacted by the legislature of Nicaragua. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database. This law was amended by Law No. 577 of 2006 on Amendments and Additions to Law No. 312 of 1999 on Copyright and Neighboring Rights. The amendment generally did not affect definitions of works or durations of protection.

General rules

Based on the 2001 version of Law No. 312,

• Economic rights will last the whole life of the author and 70 years after his death.^{[312/1999 Article 27]}
• With pseudonymous or anonymous and collective works, economic rights shall last 70 years from disclosure.^{[312/1999 Article 28]}
• In the case of a collaborative work, the term of the rights shall be computed from the death of the last surviving co-author.^{[312/1999 Article 29]}

The expiry dates in this section will be computed from the first day of January of the year following the death of the author, or where appropriate, the disclosure, publication or completion of the work.^{[312/1999 Article 29]}

Not protected

Laws, governmental provisions, bills, minutes, agreements, deliberations and opinions of public bodies and agencies and official translations of the previous texts are not subject to protection. The judgments of the courts can be reproduced by anyone, after they have been officially certified as the authentic text.^{[312/1999 Article 16]}

全景自由

 不可以 {{NoFoP-Nicaragua}} As per Nicaragua Law No. 577 on Amendments and Additions to Law No. 312 on Copyright and Related Rights, "Works located permanently in parks, streets, squares or other thoroughfares may be reproduced, without the author’s authorization, by means of painting, sketching, photographs and audiovisual recordings for personal use. In respect of works of architecture, the previous article shall only apply to their external aspect.^{[77/2006 Article 43]}

This article had previously read, "Works permanently located in parks, streets, squares or other public roads can be reproduced, without the author's authorization, by means of painting, drawing, photography and audiovisual recordings. As for architectural works, the previous article will only apply to its external appearance.^{[312/1999 Article 43]}

邮票

Stamps are not mentioned among the works not subject to copyright.^{[312/1999 Article 16]}

參見

• Nicaragua
• Category:Stamps of Nicaragua

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Panama

巴拿馬

著作权法规： 巴拿马 快捷方式: COM:巴拿马
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+70年
匿名	出版 + 70年
视听作品	创作或发表年份+70年
集体作品	创作或发表年份+70年
其他
全景自由	Yes, in regard to buildings, for the outer façade only
截至年底	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Panama}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1996年6月8日
世界贸易组织成员	1997年9月6日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年6月8日
世界知识产权协议	2002年3月6日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Panama relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Panama must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Panama and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Panama, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

Background

Panama was colonized by Spain in the 16th century. It broke away from Spain in 1821 and joined the Republic of Gran Colombia, then in 1831 the Republic of Colombia. Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903.

Panama has been a member of the Berne Convention since 8 June 1996, the World Trade Organization since 6 September 1997 and the WIPO Copyright Treaty since 6 March 2002.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Law No. 64 of October 10, 2012, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Panama. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.

General rules

Under the former Law No. 15 of August 8, 1994 on Copyright and Neighboring Rights and Enacting Other Provisions, a work first published in Panama was in the public domain if it met one of the following criteria:

• It was an anonymous work or pseudonymous work and 50 years had passed since the date of its publication (or creation, whatever date is the latest)
• It was a collective or audiovisual work, and 50 years had passed since the date of its publication (or creation, whatever date is the latest)
• It was another kind of work, and 50 years had passed since the year of death of the author (or last-surviving author)

Under the Law No. 64 of October 10, 2012,

• Economic rights last for the author's life and 70 years after his death.^{[64/2012 Article 59]}
• With a collaborative work, the term is counted from the death of the last surviving co-author.^{[64/2012 Article 59]}
• With anonymous and pseudonymous works, the term is 70 years from the year of its publication.^{[64/2012 Article 60]}
• With collective works, computer programs and audiovisual works, economic rights expire 70 years after first publication, or if that does not happen after completion.^{[64/2012 Article 61]}

• The terms defined above are calculated from the first of January of the year following the death of the author or, as appropriate, the disclosure, publication or completion of the work.^{[64/2012 Article 63]}
• Patrimonial rights over works, artistic performances, phonographic productions or broadcasts already protected by Law 15 of 8 August 1994, shall enjoy the longer terms of protection established by this Law.^{[64/2012 Article 193]}

The economic rights for works created by authors who died before Law 15 of 8 August 1994 came into force will have the duration of 80 years as provided for in the Administrative Code of 1917.^{[64/2012 Article 194]}

Not protected

Under Law No. 64 of 2012 no copyright protection is given to the ideas contained in literary or artistic works, procedures, methods of operation or mathematical concepts, systems or ideas or technical content of scientific works, nor their industrial or commercial use; official texts of administrative, legislative or judicial nature or the official translations of them, without prejudice to the obligation to respect the texts and cite the source, as well as the author's name if it appears in the source; news of the day, or events that have the character of simple press information; simple facts or data; expressions of folklore, without prejudice to the rights recognized on their adaptations, translations, arrangements or other transformations that have originality in the form of expression, nor of the guardianship that is recognized to such expressions by special laws.^{[Article 13]}

版权标签

{{PD-Panama}} - Works in the public domain

全景自由

可以; in regard to buildings, for the outer façade only. {{FoP-Panama}}

Under the Law No. 64 of October 10, 2012, reproduction, broadcasting or public transmission by cable of the image of an architectural work, of a work of the fine arts, of a photographic work or of a work of applied arts that is located permanently in a place open to the public is allowed. With buildings, this is limited to the exterior façade.^{[64/2012 Article 69(3)]}

邮票

Under the Law No. 64 of October 10, 2012, stamps are not excluded from protection (e.g. as official texts).^{[64/2012 Article 13]} Copyright lasts for 70 years after death of the author or coauthor, or 70 years from publication if the work is anonymous or pseudonymous ^{[64/2012 Article 59–60]}. However, the economic rights for works created by authors who died before Law 15 of 8 August 1994 came into force will have the duration of 80 years as provided for in the Administrative Code of 1917.^{[64/2012 Article 194]} In effect, works by authors who died after 1943 are still protected. For older stamps, if applicable, use {{PD-Panama}}.

參見

• Panamá
• Category:Stamps of Panama

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

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