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1 00:00:05,49 --> 00:00:07,66 I believe 2 00:00:17,12 --> 00:00:19,72 good book 3 00:00:31,29 --> 00:00:35,87 from the beginning of time each passing age has left behind some vital knowledge 4 00:00:35,87 --> 00:00:40,62 that has helped make this world of ours a better place in which to live knowledge 5 00:00:40,63 --> 00:00:45,81 that is made possible the countless conveniences we all enjoy today we look upon 6 00:00:45,81 --> 00:00:48,07 them as our natural right to take them for granted 7 00:00:49,00 --> 00:00:52,34 and once having used them give no thought to days gone by 8 00:00:53,16 --> 00:00:56,84 when people did without even the simplest of all these hard won benefits. 9 00:00:57,09 --> 00:01:03,03 Yet nothing in today's wonderful world has come to a party from the song every 10 00:01:03,04 --> 00:01:07,22 development has been advanced a relentless never ending struggle for improvement 11 00:01:08,03 --> 00:01:12,33 Transportation has sprouted wings to Whiskas over the span of a continent in the 12 00:01:12,33 --> 00:01:17,04 space of a few pleasant hours today the Iron Horse travels faster 13 00:01:17,04 --> 00:01:23,31 and smoother in life where streamlined all boys by water now provides all the 14 00:01:23,31 --> 00:01:29,76 comforts of home in huge with luxury liner the automobile has come of age offering 15 00:01:29,77 --> 00:01:31,40 speed safety ease 16 00:01:31,40 --> 00:01:37,66 and dependability under only a few short years ago communication has made equal 17 00:01:37,66 --> 00:01:43,10 strides improving its earlier model and developing new or merely like radio 18 00:01:43,10 --> 00:01:45,40 and television that add to our pleasure 19 00:01:45,40 --> 00:01:50,09 and welfare in the world of industry modern machinery life 20 00:01:50,09 --> 00:01:54,41 and man's labor lives giant burdens far beyond mere muscle. 21 00:01:54,52 --> 00:02:00,03 Please hand and I still greater scale imprecision yet today. Day. 22 00:02:00,40 --> 00:02:04,27 As for ages that the constant search for improvement continues 23 00:02:04,27 --> 00:02:09,09 or time is the greatest factor of all true progress time 24 00:02:09,09 --> 00:02:14,42 and its ever increasing heritage of knowledge and in this march of civilization. 25 00:02:14,56 --> 00:02:17,21 One great orator has steadily contributed more 26 00:02:17,21 --> 00:02:21,50 and more to our material welfare today and for the years to come. 27 00:02:21,83 --> 00:02:26,96 The world looks for better things for better living through chemistry the science 28 00:02:26,96 --> 00:02:31,45 that has played a major part in the perfection of practically everything we use the 29 00:02:31,46 --> 00:02:31,85 science 30 00:02:31,85 --> 00:02:36,64 that is carried us beyond the machine age on into a world of new materials 31 00:02:36,64 --> 00:02:41,25 that are not found in nature and throughout the entire chemical industry. 32 00:02:41,28 --> 00:02:45,90 No name more honored than your past contributor of many products 33 00:02:45,90 --> 00:02:50,90 that make life more secure more beautiful more livable among others. 34 00:02:51,10 --> 00:02:56,50 Looks like you called Whose glistening durable beauty of finish compliments the 35 00:02:56,50 --> 00:03:02,24 mechanical perfection of modern motor car your pant cellulose build sold under is 36 00:03:02,24 --> 00:03:05,88 well known Trade Mark Sullivan your parent dies 37 00:03:05,88 --> 00:03:08,43 that brighten up our lives in the clothes we wear 38 00:03:08,43 --> 00:03:13,73 and everything about your pant plastics to give newborn beauty 39 00:03:13,73 --> 00:03:17,81 and baronets to countless familiar objects your pant neoprene. 40 00:03:18,22 --> 00:03:19,36 Manmade rubber 41 00:03:19,36 --> 00:03:24,15 that fills many uses beyond the ability of nature's own product you're pandering 42 00:03:24,15 --> 00:03:29,16 and that makes life more luxurious more beautiful or everybody everywhere. 43 00:03:30,27 --> 00:03:35,56 Ray on back by more than a century of your plant chemical research. 44 00:03:35,58 --> 00:03:39,86 And outstanding gift of chemistry gray on has slipped it climbed to the forefront 45 00:03:39,86 --> 00:03:43,99 of fashion within the space of a few short years. Today. 46 00:03:44,15 --> 00:03:48,37 Re on fabric to enhance luxurious creations from fashion headquarters here 47 00:03:48,37 --> 00:03:48,76 and abroad. 48 00:03:51,92 --> 00:03:57,56 Today in no other text the fiber makes so many types of cloth Israel sheer fabrics 49 00:03:57,56 --> 00:03:59,70 every Babbitts rough fabric. 50 00:04:00,00 --> 00:04:05,79 Fabrics that are bright fabrics that are dull fabrics that was perfect fabrics 51 00:04:05,80 --> 00:04:08,88 and dry clean beautifully that cut Taylor 52 00:04:08,88 --> 00:04:13,79 and fulfill every other textbook beauty for which each is suited just as was still 53 00:04:13,79 --> 00:04:15,41 wall linen or cotton. 54 00:04:15,75 --> 00:04:20,89 All these properties depend on how we each fabric is made its construction dying 55 00:04:20,89 --> 00:04:26,01 and other finishing operations as well as the quality of the our new the fact 56 00:04:26,01 --> 00:04:29,36 that Ray on yarn successfully meets the requirements of textile makers 57 00:04:29,36 --> 00:04:32,22 and uses one great reason for its rapid growth 58 00:04:32,22 --> 00:04:37,77 and wide acceptance within the space of comparatively few years hundreds of 59 00:04:37,77 --> 00:04:42,26 millions of pounds of yarn are required each year to meet the ever growing demand 60 00:04:42,26 --> 00:04:48,50 for a on fab day on brings new beauty and luxury within the reach of every one 61 00:04:48,50 --> 00:04:55,30 or every apparel you in every room of the home all the knitted braided in exquisite 62 00:04:55,30 --> 00:04:57,95 textures patterns colors rail 63 00:04:57,95 --> 00:05:03,12 and fabric right in practically every household in the civilized world. 64 00:05:03,14 --> 00:05:06,17 A product of test tube and retaught it is obvious 65 00:05:06,17 --> 00:05:11,84 that better a on means better chemistry right on by your band enjoys a heritage of 66 00:05:11,84 --> 00:05:17,34 leadership unsurpassed in the chemical industry right on by Dupont sets the pace of 67 00:05:17,34 --> 00:05:23,68 textbook progress with the promise of still finer still better things because many 68 00:05:23,68 --> 00:05:26,40 of us may go right on as a type of cloth or fabric 69 00:05:26,40 --> 00:05:29,74 that comes in a wide variety of textures weights and finishes. 70 00:05:29,81 --> 00:05:34,09 Actually it is a basic material from which such fabrics are made. 71 00:05:34,97 --> 00:05:36,73 Just like war linen cotton 72 00:05:36,73 --> 00:05:42,80 or silk Ron is a true textile fiber each individual hair like fiber is called a 73 00:05:42,80 --> 00:05:43,99 filament. 74 00:05:44,00 --> 00:05:45,58 But a number of elements are twisted 75 00:05:45,58 --> 00:05:49,70 or laid together we have a yarn which may be woven knitted 76 00:05:49,70 --> 00:05:55,88 or formed in other ways into fabrics like all other textile fibers Braylon has its 77 00:05:55,88 --> 00:05:59,40 own individual qualities and properties. Since it is man made. 78 00:06:00,00 --> 00:06:01,42 Under scientifically controlled conditions. 79 00:06:01,94 --> 00:06:04,70 It is the most uniform of all textile fibers 80 00:06:04,70 --> 00:06:10,50 and can be varied to great advantage in its construction for example on celebrants 81 00:06:10,50 --> 00:06:13,26 are continuous can be produced in great lengths 82 00:06:13,99 --> 00:06:18,26 and may be made finer than those of the silkworms are thicker than horsehair of 83 00:06:18,26 --> 00:06:22,91 course will you know addition to long continuous filaments right on is also 84 00:06:22,91 --> 00:06:28,04 produced in short uniform lengths usually from about one to six inches. 85 00:06:28,06 --> 00:06:32,78 This is known as re on staple fiber you plant was the first company to make rail 86 00:06:32,78 --> 00:06:36,83 and staple fiber on a commercial scale in the United States. 87 00:06:36,85 --> 00:06:40,48 The use of re on Staples has increased tremendously in the past few years. 88 00:06:40,96 --> 00:06:42,53 Largely because of the new 89 00:06:42,53 --> 00:06:46,08 and unusual fabric effect made possible by a sharp fiber. 90 00:06:47,21 --> 00:06:51,72 Textile mills Penry on a staple fiber an outstanding example of the versatility of 91 00:06:51,72 --> 00:06:57,47 the re on manufacturing process into yarns known as spun rail fabrics made of spun 92 00:06:57,47 --> 00:07:01,77 Rayyan have a distinctive woolly feel pleasing softness to the touch. 93 00:07:02,33 --> 00:07:05,05 Sometimes spun Rayyan yarns are used alone 94 00:07:05,05 --> 00:07:09,77 and sometimes they are blended with other fibers such as cotton wool 95 00:07:09,77 --> 00:07:13,82 or flax Rayyan yarns may contain any number of elements. 96 00:07:14,13 --> 00:07:17,63 Usually the ranges from thirteen to two hundred seventy. 97 00:07:18,27 --> 00:07:23,97 For example here are five specimens of re on yarn all the same size. Yet. 98 00:07:24,02 --> 00:07:29,31 Notice the wide variation the number of filaments contained in each sample number 99 00:07:29,31 --> 00:07:31,47 one is composed of ten fellow months. 100 00:07:31,78 --> 00:07:38,45 Number two twenty filaments number three for a fella months number for 101 00:07:38,45 --> 00:07:44,37 sixty fellow months and number five one hundred filaments. 102 00:07:44,39 --> 00:07:48,28 Ray on the arms provide fabrics and a wider range of weights and textures. 103 00:07:48,61 --> 00:07:53,60 Than those of any other textile fiber because of this pose control of uniformity in 104 00:07:53,60 --> 00:07:55,80 the size and number of filaments desired. 105 00:07:56,78 --> 00:07:59,95 Another great advantages that light ray on the. 106 00:08:00,00 --> 00:08:06,09 Manes white it does not yellow with a positive control of luster is also possible 107 00:08:06,09 --> 00:08:10,06 with a rail. There are brilliant yarns more lustrous 108 00:08:10,06 --> 00:08:16,34 and silk semi less press yarns with varying degrees of brilliance and yarns 109 00:08:16,34 --> 00:08:21,30 that are completely dull in the parents these properties are absolutely paramount 110 00:08:21,30 --> 00:08:26,31 in rail because they are chemically ingrained before each tiny film of this fall 111 00:08:27,49 --> 00:08:31,20 with your pant Raynaud's versatility reaches new and unusual heights. 112 00:08:31,59 --> 00:08:36,25 When the need arose for a on yarn with special characteristics not then possessed 113 00:08:36,25 --> 00:08:42,88 by any other A on your part developed a yarn to meet the need cardio are the core 114 00:08:42,88 --> 00:08:47,35 jewels in making automobile tires demand exceptionally high strength as well as 115 00:08:47,35 --> 00:08:50,76 resistance to keep and flexing card your a re on your 116 00:08:50,76 --> 00:08:52,65 and fill these requirements so well 117 00:08:52,65 --> 00:08:55,95 that large quantities are used annually both in truck tires 118 00:08:55,95 --> 00:08:59,51 and tires for fashion your car and its strength 119 00:08:59,51 --> 00:09:03,40 and uniformity have also brought about its use in the sales of racing yachts 120 00:09:03,40 --> 00:09:07,02 and for other purposes in which on usual properties are required. 121 00:09:09,57 --> 00:09:13,86 In the manufacture of array on there are three different methods generally you the 122 00:09:13,87 --> 00:09:18,66 best goes process the cellulose as a trade process and the Cupra monium process. 123 00:09:19,16 --> 00:09:21,04 It is important to bear in mind 124 00:09:21,04 --> 00:09:25,21 that yarns are made by all these processes are rail. 125 00:09:25,22 --> 00:09:26,94 While each has its own different characteristics. 126 00:09:27,44 --> 00:09:33,05 Generally speaking these concern the maker of fabrics far more than the user the 127 00:09:33,06 --> 00:09:35,29 best course and cellulose acetate processes. 128 00:09:35,45 --> 00:09:40,21 Both employed by Dupont account for approximately ninety five percent of all rain 129 00:09:40,21 --> 00:09:44,58 on produced in the United States some fabrics are made entirely of discourse 130 00:09:44,58 --> 00:09:46,27 process rail others 131 00:09:46,27 --> 00:09:51,84 and tireless acetate rail the two types of yarn are also combined to make many 132 00:09:51,84 --> 00:09:54,90 distinctive fabrics with pleasing color effects and design. 133 00:09:56,10 --> 00:09:59,91 For example this piece of undying white cloth is made in. 134 00:10:00,00 --> 00:10:01,55 Tire Levesque cause process Rayyan. 135 00:10:02,02 --> 00:10:05,59 And here is a diet particularly suited to the fabric on the table 136 00:10:06,31 --> 00:10:09,43 when properly dyed the cloth colors completely 137 00:10:09,43 --> 00:10:15,71 and evenly a solid color this piece of undying white cloth is made entirely of 138 00:10:15,71 --> 00:10:20,78 acetate rail and when properly treated with the dye shown in this flask. It too. 139 00:10:20,79 --> 00:10:23,44 Takes on a beautiful even solid tint. 140 00:10:23,75 --> 00:10:28,83 As the dyed sample reveals the piece of iron died a white cloth in the center is 141 00:10:28,83 --> 00:10:32,01 made of both yarns when the two days are mixed 142 00:10:32,01 --> 00:10:34,81 and the cloth is dipped into the combination dye a bath 143 00:10:34,81 --> 00:10:39,51 and interesting to color pattern is the result of the First Cause process yarn 144 00:10:39,51 --> 00:10:41,66 takes on color from the diaphragm which it has an affinity 145 00:10:42,56 --> 00:10:48,75 and the acetate yarn is affected by its particular dye this principle called across 146 00:10:48,75 --> 00:10:50,42 dyeing unable to rain 147 00:10:50,42 --> 00:10:55,22 and to provide countless contrasting color affects both an already on combination 148 00:10:55,22 --> 00:10:58,64 fabrics and in fabrics made over a on an other texture favorites. 149 00:10:59,08 --> 00:11:03,48 From all this we begin to realize that both yarns are extremely valuable 150 00:11:03,48 --> 00:11:07,86 and distinctive additions to the limited group of other important fabric sources 151 00:11:07,86 --> 00:11:14,06 linen cotton silk and war. Both are a are man made textile fiber. 152 00:11:14,31 --> 00:11:19,32 That is opened up new fields of textile beauty and utility. 153 00:11:20,56 --> 00:11:24,97 As with other sources of textile yarns nature's supply is a principle raw material 154 00:11:24,97 --> 00:11:30,39 from which rain on is made cellulose cellulose is the main constituent in all plant 155 00:11:30,39 --> 00:11:34,60 life. If we examine a tiny cross-section of vegetable matter under the microscope. 156 00:11:35,31 --> 00:11:41,43 We see a series of minute chambers or cells joined together by a binding substance. 157 00:11:41,45 --> 00:11:45,92 The walls of these cells are made of cellulose which must be a pain in a very pure 158 00:11:45,92 --> 00:11:49,18 state before it is suitable for making rail. 159 00:11:49,20 --> 00:11:53,11 That means all other materials have to be carefully and thoroughly removed. 160 00:11:53,73 --> 00:11:58,68 In finely equipped laboratories each lot of purified cellulose is carefully 161 00:11:58,68 --> 00:11:59,81 analyzed by a series. 162 00:12:00,00 --> 00:12:04,49 Thorough chemical tests the highest standards are rigidly maintained. 163 00:12:04,75 --> 00:12:05,24 And none 164 00:12:05,24 --> 00:12:10,47 but the best cellulose gets by these exacting technicians the extreme degree of 165 00:12:10,47 --> 00:12:10,77 skill 166 00:12:10,77 --> 00:12:16,63 and care employed here ensures fine cellulose the only kind of cellulose from which 167 00:12:16,63 --> 00:12:17,86 finer Ayaan can be made. 168 00:12:19,75 --> 00:12:21,99 The methods of making are a on by the viscous process 169 00:12:21,99 --> 00:12:25,77 and the cellulose as a date process differ widely. 170 00:12:25,79 --> 00:12:30,48 But in both cases the manufacturing can be roughly divided into three major steps 171 00:12:31,32 --> 00:12:33,93 first cellulose is changed into liquid form. 172 00:12:34,31 --> 00:12:38,66 Second the liquid is drawn out into a very fine streams 173 00:12:38,66 --> 00:12:42,88 and third these liquid streams are changed into solids felons 174 00:12:42,88 --> 00:12:44,55 and combined into you are. 175 00:12:45,86 --> 00:12:48,57 To get a rough idea of how these changes are accomplished. 176 00:12:48,75 --> 00:12:52,28 Let us quickly run through the steps involved in the manufacture of this cause 177 00:12:52,28 --> 00:12:57,30 process re-arm We began by softening the cellulose in the solution of sodium 178 00:12:57,30 --> 00:12:59,20 hydroxide. 179 00:12:59,22 --> 00:13:03,59 After a proper amount of time the cellulose is squeezed to remove excess liquid. 180 00:13:03,76 --> 00:13:10,46 The soft moist part of the remains is known as alkali cellulose next the material 181 00:13:10,46 --> 00:13:14,75 is thoroughly torn up into crumbs which must be aged for many hours during which 182 00:13:14,75 --> 00:13:16,22 chemical changes take place. 183 00:13:17,55 --> 00:13:21,82 Then the addition of a liquid called carbon by sulfide causes another chemical 184 00:13:21,82 --> 00:13:28,06 change the batch shrinks in volume to about half its original size its color 185 00:13:28,06 --> 00:13:33,20 gradually changes to a brilliant orange which gives this step its name sensation. 186 00:13:34,51 --> 00:13:38,43 When the orange colored crumbs are dissolved in water containing a small amount of 187 00:13:38,43 --> 00:13:43,43 sodium hydroxide the result is a syrup a liquid much like honey and appearance 188 00:13:43,43 --> 00:13:49,75 and flow called fiscal solution. This is the spending solution. 189 00:13:49,77 --> 00:13:52,86 So far we have seen nothing that looks like a textile fiber. 190 00:13:53,08 --> 00:13:57,11 But when we drop a slender stream of the spinning solution into a hardening bath. 191 00:13:57,26 --> 00:13:59,88 Notice what happens it congeals. 192 00:14:00,00 --> 00:14:05,70 Immediately changing from a liquid into a flexible cellulose threadlike material a 193 00:14:05,70 --> 00:14:10,58 crude form of this cause process railed in producing rain on by the cellulose 194 00:14:10,58 --> 00:14:14,58 acetate process the spinning solution is made in an entirely different way. 195 00:14:15,51 --> 00:14:19,58 When the solution is exposed to the action of warm air the acetone evaporates 196 00:14:19,58 --> 00:14:25,15 leaving a solidified substance a crude form of cellulose acetate ray on which as 197 00:14:25,15 --> 00:14:27,85 its name implies is a chemical compound. 198 00:14:29,18 --> 00:14:32,69 While these rough demonstrations reveal the basic steps of the two processes 199 00:14:32,69 --> 00:14:35,99 and their differences actual manufacture is a complicated 200 00:14:35,99 --> 00:14:41,21 and elaborate development of these apparently simple steps every operation must be 201 00:14:41,21 --> 00:14:45,23 precisely controlled extremely fine limits of time and temperature 202 00:14:45,23 --> 00:14:46,51 or must be maintained. 203 00:14:47,97 --> 00:14:53,20 Every ingredient used must be of high purity proportions must be exactly calculated. 204 00:14:53,60 --> 00:14:54,58 When we consider 205 00:14:54,58 --> 00:14:59,05 that every detail must be carried out with a laboratory precision it becomes 206 00:14:59,05 --> 00:14:59,14 obvious 207 00:14:59,14 --> 00:15:03,99 that only a great chemical organization can produce huge quantities of rain on 208 00:15:03,99 --> 00:15:08,24 yarns of Dupont quality. 209 00:15:09,40 --> 00:15:11,95 The size alone of the four The padre on plants. 210 00:15:12,16 --> 00:15:14,51 You have some idea of the amount of specialized equipment 211 00:15:15,23 --> 00:15:19,37 and scientific craftsmanship needed to produce each year millions of pounds of 212 00:15:19,37 --> 00:15:24,45 finery on yarn yarns that are converted by leading textile mills into fabrics 213 00:15:24,45 --> 00:15:26,21 that make garments draperies 214 00:15:26,21 --> 00:15:29,49 and countless other fine articles found in the apparel 215 00:15:29,49 --> 00:15:32,46 and home furnishing departments of stores all over America. 216 00:15:33,66 --> 00:15:36,16 Actually these buildings are not factories. 217 00:15:36,40 --> 00:15:41,11 But giant laboratories where skilled technicians follow specifications as high as 218 00:15:41,11 --> 00:15:47,40 those required in small experimental equipment within these walls work craftsman to 219 00:15:47,40 --> 00:15:51,87 whom quality is a creed with the most modern equipment obtainable. 220 00:15:51,89 --> 00:15:56,47 The interior of this Dupont cellulose acetate ray on plants reveals a maze of 221 00:15:56,47 --> 00:15:59,77 intricate elaborate apparatus a lab. 222 00:16:00,00 --> 00:16:04,53 Of containers mixtures and other machinery linked by a network of pipes 223 00:16:04,53 --> 00:16:10,02 and valves to the layman a picturesque puzzle of queer looking objects of every 224 00:16:10,02 --> 00:16:11,39 shape and size. 225 00:16:11,41 --> 00:16:14,67 But an expert hands precision instruments 226 00:16:14,67 --> 00:16:20,58 that play major roles in the production of Scion Rayyan yarns here nothing is left 227 00:16:20,58 --> 00:16:26,00 to chaps constant control of every process is maintained by accurate devices 228 00:16:26,00 --> 00:16:30,91 that check and record every operating fact of continual checking 229 00:16:30,91 --> 00:16:35,43 and testing throughout every step of the way is one big factor in Dupont quality 230 00:16:36,20 --> 00:16:36,70 these laboratories 231 00:16:36,70 --> 00:16:41,62 that every building examine the product of each important process. 232 00:16:41,64 --> 00:16:42,05 Make sure 233 00:16:42,05 --> 00:16:46,29 that nothing passes on for further treatment until it measures up to the high 234 00:16:46,29 --> 00:16:50,78 standards set and rigid they maintain. 235 00:16:51,74 --> 00:16:55,03 Manufacture of a cause process right on begins by steeping 236 00:16:55,03 --> 00:16:59,51 or soaking sheets of cellulose the first step in changing them into the spinning 237 00:16:59,51 --> 00:17:01,57 solution as we saw in the laboratory. 238 00:17:02,40 --> 00:17:06,63 But while the principle is the same as with the glass beaker here the operation of 239 00:17:06,63 --> 00:17:11,94 steeping is carried out with exacting precision just the right amount of cellulose 240 00:17:11,94 --> 00:17:17,18 is placed in each compartment of the specially designed steeping press the sodium 241 00:17:17,18 --> 00:17:20,84 hydroxide solution is checked repeatedly to be sure it's just right 242 00:17:21,96 --> 00:17:23,46 and the sheets are allowed to soften 243 00:17:23,46 --> 00:17:28,30 and soak for a definite pre-determined length of time before an automatically 244 00:17:28,30 --> 00:17:33,37 operated hydraulic ram begins to squeeze out some of the liquid it's pressure is 245 00:17:33,37 --> 00:17:38,18 carefully governed. So is the sheets well away just so much more wet than when dry. 246 00:17:39,47 --> 00:17:44,55 Even the weather in this room as in all other operations is man made perfectly 247 00:17:44,56 --> 00:17:48,68 suited at all times to this particular process every factor 248 00:17:48,68 --> 00:17:52,82 that can affect the ultimate quality of the re on is scientifically controlled to a 249 00:17:52,82 --> 00:17:58,15 fine degree the soft pulpy sheets poor through shoots to the floor below to be 250 00:17:58,15 --> 00:17:59,14 shredded into crumbs. 251 00:18:00,00 --> 00:18:04,14 These ingenious shredders gently crumble of sheets pulling them apart 252 00:18:04,90 --> 00:18:05,97 but not grinding them. 253 00:18:06,27 --> 00:18:11,19 This machine also uniformly distributes the liquid remaining in the cellulose so 254 00:18:11,19 --> 00:18:16,82 that its action is the same on every crumb on the floor below the crumbs are poured 255 00:18:16,82 --> 00:18:21,49 into steel cabinets like containers here the crumbs are stored for aging under 256 00:18:21,49 --> 00:18:26,04 constant temperature every container bears an accurate record of its contents. 257 00:18:26,27 --> 00:18:29,38 So it may be individually checked and controlled. 258 00:18:29,40 --> 00:18:32,43 Accurate scientific analysis determines 259 00:18:32,43 --> 00:18:36,74 when the right degree of aging has been reached at the correct stage the crumbs are 260 00:18:36,74 --> 00:18:37,72 released from storage 261 00:18:37,72 --> 00:18:42,70 and passed on to the next treatment which we remember is the addition of a liquid 262 00:18:42,70 --> 00:18:44,99 that changes them in color from white to Ari. 263 00:18:45,46 --> 00:18:50,55 In actual manufacture this process is carried out in huge rotating churns 264 00:18:50,55 --> 00:18:56,50 that are individually cool to a precise temperature the snow white cellulose enters 265 00:18:56,50 --> 00:19:00,68 the barrel like interior of the churn which contains a pipe through which carbon by 266 00:19:00,68 --> 00:19:06,12 itself either is fed this liquid flows into the churn rotating at a definite rate 267 00:19:06,12 --> 00:19:10,40 of speed for every blending with the crumbs which gradually darken and color. 268 00:19:11,52 --> 00:19:16,79 Here again close control of every factor is absolutely necessary if our cellulose 269 00:19:16,79 --> 00:19:21,22 is to make fine rain on the on the speed of the machinery as closely regulated 270 00:19:22,19 --> 00:19:27,87 exact timing is highly important for proper air conditioning the air is completely 271 00:19:27,87 --> 00:19:29,95 changed twenty two times every hour 272 00:19:31,42 --> 00:19:34,30 when the process is finished the cellulose sensate 273 00:19:34,30 --> 00:19:37,10 or orange colored crumbs are emptied from the churn. 274 00:19:38,24 --> 00:19:41,54 Notice how greatly they've increased in size and dark and in color 275 00:19:41,54 --> 00:19:42,89 and indication 276 00:19:42,89 --> 00:19:47,24 that they are now ready to be converted into the spinning solution in the 277 00:19:47,24 --> 00:19:51,12 laboratory we carried out this step by dissolve in the crumbs in a solution of 278 00:19:51,12 --> 00:19:51,47 water 279 00:19:51,47 --> 00:19:56,64 and the lute sodium hydroxide contained in a glass beaker in the plant the spinning 280 00:19:56,64 --> 00:19:59,51 solution is made in huge cylindrical mixing tanks. 281 00:20:00,00 --> 00:20:04,00 Which exact proportions of the ingredients are accurately maintained. 282 00:20:04,02 --> 00:20:08,87 Each lot produced as thoroughly analyzed by control laboratories located right in 283 00:20:08,87 --> 00:20:13,29 the plants already upon Rand yarn enjoys uniform high quality. 284 00:20:13,94 --> 00:20:16,42 Mainly because its quality is never taken for granted. 285 00:20:16,87 --> 00:20:18,74 It is constantly tested 286 00:20:18,74 --> 00:20:23,73 and proved throughout every step of its scientific manufacture to ensure the 287 00:20:23,73 --> 00:20:26,51 highest possible degree of uniformity in the spinning solution 288 00:20:26,51 --> 00:20:32,20 and in the finished yarn the various lots are blended together each huge blending 289 00:20:32,20 --> 00:20:36,30 tank is equipped with positive starting blades that surly mix the solution. 290 00:20:36,67 --> 00:20:41,46 At this point the desired degree of luster in the finished yarn is also permanently 291 00:20:41,46 --> 00:20:45,79 fixed if brilliance is wanted the blended solution is used without further 292 00:20:45,79 --> 00:20:48,63 treatment the addition of a special pigment 293 00:20:48,63 --> 00:20:51,87 or certain types of on oil changes solution so 294 00:20:51,87 --> 00:20:54,92 that the yarn it produces will be dull in appearance. 295 00:20:54,94 --> 00:20:58,99 The amount of the luster on the added determines a final degree of dullness in the 296 00:20:58,99 --> 00:20:59,64 finished yarn. 297 00:21:00,18 --> 00:21:04,66 After blending the spending solution is allowed to ripen for an exact period of 298 00:21:04,66 --> 00:21:09,08 time to bring it to just the right condition for spinning unless it is properly 299 00:21:09,08 --> 00:21:12,02 aged the yarn it produces will suffer in quality. 300 00:21:12,19 --> 00:21:16,96 So during its stay in the aging tanks the solution is regularly tested 301 00:21:16,96 --> 00:21:22,43 and checked in precision Bill Press's all foreign matter is completely removed by a 302 00:21:22,43 --> 00:21:25,55 thorough filtering not once but again and again. 303 00:21:26,13 --> 00:21:30,56 Throughout every stage of manufacture the purity of the spending solution is 304 00:21:30,56 --> 00:21:31,78 constantly safeguarded. 305 00:21:32,30 --> 00:21:36,27 Each piece of equipment is constructed of metals specially selected to resist 306 00:21:36,27 --> 00:21:36,78 corrosion 307 00:21:36,78 --> 00:21:41,91 and contamination of the products being handled the pipelines of valves tanks 308 00:21:41,91 --> 00:21:46,10 mixtures and other machines are designed and built to make the purest 309 00:21:46,10 --> 00:21:47,56 and finest spending solution 310 00:21:47,56 --> 00:21:50,94 that science can produce the only kind of spending solution 311 00:21:50,94 --> 00:21:55,36 that measures up to Dupont high ridges specifications before it is approved for 312 00:21:55,36 --> 00:21:59,95 spending it with top quality or a on the R.. The X.. 313 00:22:00,00 --> 00:22:03,49 He was spinning of the solution is one of the most fascinating operations in all 314 00:22:03,49 --> 00:22:05,96 industry. We saw previously. 315 00:22:06,27 --> 00:22:10,30 How are things stream of the solution changes to a core strand of crude ray on 316 00:22:10,30 --> 00:22:12,14 when dropped into a hardening bath 317 00:22:13,24 --> 00:22:17,73 but the crude way on formed in this way is entirely unsuited for making cloth as 318 00:22:17,73 --> 00:22:20,07 can be readily seen by comparing it was true. 319 00:22:20,08 --> 00:22:25,20 Re on yachts to make this yarn requires a specially designed precision built 320 00:22:25,20 --> 00:22:28,42 apparatus. That is an outstanding example of modern machinery. 321 00:22:28,92 --> 00:22:33,08 That liquid passes through still one more filter before it emerges from minute 322 00:22:33,08 --> 00:22:37,93 openings in a tiny nozzle called a spinner wreck how fine Are these openings. 323 00:22:38,19 --> 00:22:43,11 Well generally they range in size from five thousands to two Thousands of an inch 324 00:22:43,11 --> 00:22:47,67 the thickness of a human hair each hole forms an individual filament 325 00:22:47,67 --> 00:22:49,85 and there may be any number up to four hundred 326 00:22:49,85 --> 00:22:55,00 or more of them in a single symbol legspinner red notice how the liquid solution 327 00:22:55,00 --> 00:22:55,72 coagulates 328 00:22:55,72 --> 00:23:00,34 when the spinner red is lowered into the spinning back an expert hand skillfully 329 00:23:00,34 --> 00:23:03,22 leads the yarn through a series of guides off 330 00:23:03,22 --> 00:23:08,29 and around a rotating glass we then down through a funnel into a four Ling part 331 00:23:08,29 --> 00:23:10,69 which collected. 332 00:23:10,71 --> 00:23:15,21 Each thread like filament forms immediately as a spinning solution leaves the holes 333 00:23:15,21 --> 00:23:19,74 in the spinner at the speed of the glass wheel largely determines the thickness of 334 00:23:19,74 --> 00:23:23,80 the R.. Although this characteristic also depends upon the size 335 00:23:23,80 --> 00:23:25,37 and number of the spinner it holds 336 00:23:25,37 --> 00:23:29,99 and the amount of spinning solution force through them for a minute the collecting 337 00:23:29,99 --> 00:23:34,26 part rotate to the very high speed from six to ten thousand revolutions per minute 338 00:23:35,15 --> 00:23:36,97 the rotation twists the filaments together 339 00:23:36,97 --> 00:23:40,23 and the yarn is distributed alternately from top to bottom. 340 00:23:40,57 --> 00:23:41,22 So 341 00:23:41,22 --> 00:23:44,96 that it will lie a properly against the wall of the pot to form a symmetrical cake. 342 00:23:46,55 --> 00:23:48,32 When removed from the part of the cake 343 00:23:48,32 --> 00:23:51,43 or a on consist of about twenty nine percent yarn by weight 344 00:23:51,43 --> 00:23:56,37 and seventy one percent spinning bath liquid which must be removed at 345 00:23:56,38 --> 00:23:59,70 pre-determined intervals a cake of fine quality yarn is. 346 00:24:00,00 --> 00:24:05,45 Move from each one of hundreds of spinning machines. 347 00:24:05,47 --> 00:24:10,67 In other plants your pond acetate re on a sponge by yet another method the spinning 348 00:24:10,67 --> 00:24:15,07 solution made from cellulose as a fade by a different chemical process known as a 349 00:24:15,07 --> 00:24:19,68 cellulose acetate process is forced to tiny holes in a spinner at located about 350 00:24:19,68 --> 00:24:21,69 fifteen feet above the level of the floor 351 00:24:22,66 --> 00:24:27,11 when the solution passes through a column of warm air one ingredient as a tone 352 00:24:27,11 --> 00:24:27,81 evaporates 353 00:24:27,81 --> 00:24:33,28 and the liquid solidifies to form a slender filaments of rail by the time they 354 00:24:33,28 --> 00:24:38,06 reach the bottom of the warm air column the filament SAR perfectly dry. 355 00:24:38,08 --> 00:24:41,42 Here they are collected and guided out of the column to a device 356 00:24:41,42 --> 00:24:46,04 that winds the yarn and bobbins. The acetate ray on yarn. 357 00:24:46,22 --> 00:24:48,29 As it comes in the spinning machine is a finished product. 358 00:24:48,71 --> 00:24:51,39 After twisting it is ready for weaving 359 00:24:51,39 --> 00:24:56,10 or knitting into fine fabrics each bobbin is numbered for easy positive 360 00:24:56,10 --> 00:25:00,58 identifications so that every bit of yarn can be traced back to the machine 361 00:25:00,58 --> 00:25:02,59 that made it. 362 00:25:03,74 --> 00:25:08,32 All Japan first cause process Rayyan is also carefully marked for reference before 363 00:25:08,32 --> 00:25:11,11 passing on to the finishing operations. 364 00:25:11,13 --> 00:25:15,55 Repeated a thorough washing with pure warm water gradually softens 365 00:25:15,55 --> 00:25:16,83 and cleanses the iron 366 00:25:16,83 --> 00:25:21,63 and gives it a smooth pleasant feeling much of the moisture is removed in a 367 00:25:21,63 --> 00:25:23,61 specially designed machine colors 368 00:25:23,61 --> 00:25:28,43 and critical extract of each cake is placed in an individual chamber which spends 369 00:25:28,43 --> 00:25:33,40 like a top at extremely high speeds throwing off water without harming the irons 370 00:25:33,40 --> 00:25:35,57 fine texture and construction. 371 00:25:35,59 --> 00:25:40,51 The final drying is accomplished an automatic tunnel Evans' through which the iron 372 00:25:40,51 --> 00:25:44,15 travels on conveyors and exact degree of heat is maintained. 373 00:25:44,32 --> 00:25:47,60 So that the yarn is dried gently and slowly. 374 00:25:47,62 --> 00:25:52,26 Now the iron is ready for winding into the form desired by the fabric manufacturers 375 00:25:52,26 --> 00:25:53,99 and the bobbins are so designed 376 00:25:53,99 --> 00:25:58,36 that each stage of the processing strain is eliminated this permits proper 377 00:25:58,36 --> 00:25:59,93 attention and twisting Kone. 378 00:26:00,00 --> 00:26:05,49 To bring in skinny from raw material to finished product all Du Pont re on whether 379 00:26:05,49 --> 00:26:06,67 made by the vest because process 380 00:26:06,67 --> 00:26:12,68 or the cellulose acetate process is continually checked by a rigid testing routine. 381 00:26:12,70 --> 00:26:17,47 A continuous check on winding tension is made by periodically testing the tension 382 00:26:17,47 --> 00:26:21,38 of the running our specimen cones are regularly picked at random 383 00:26:22,15 --> 00:26:23,92 and rewound on a special machine 384 00:26:23,92 --> 00:26:28,83 that permits thorough inspection of the continuous yards a highly trained operator 385 00:26:28,83 --> 00:26:32,24 expertly examines the rail and of the passes in front of a black background 386 00:26:33,18 --> 00:26:34,23 that easily shows up any 387 00:26:34,23 --> 00:26:38,87 and perfections still other pursuits in built testing appliances make sure 388 00:26:38,87 --> 00:26:42,90 that the physical qualities of samples of every lot measure up to Dupont's high 389 00:26:42,90 --> 00:26:47,92 standards testing for yardage is accurately accomplished by a Winding Refn 390 00:26:48,61 --> 00:26:53,17 that turns out an exact degree of speed and measures the yarn precisely. 391 00:26:53,18 --> 00:26:58,32 Measured specimens of known lengths are then weighed on a sensitive gram scale to 392 00:26:58,32 --> 00:27:01,78 ensure the uniformity of the are the amount of stretch 393 00:27:01,78 --> 00:27:06,48 or elongation of any textile material as well as its tensile strength are both of 394 00:27:06,48 --> 00:27:09,24 considerable importance because they affect the serviceability 395 00:27:09,24 --> 00:27:14,84 and wearer of the fabrics made from this testing device precisely records the 396 00:27:14,84 --> 00:27:19,04 amount of twist per inch in any given specimen of the arc the construction of 397 00:27:19,04 --> 00:27:23,27 practically every type of fabric graded depends on how the yarn is twisted. 398 00:27:23,65 --> 00:27:28,90 So uniform twisting is highly important inspection of the yarn of the passes over a 399 00:27:28,90 --> 00:27:33,17 strong light within a dark room is still another Dupont control. 400 00:27:33,97 --> 00:27:36,02 By the expert eyes of skilled operators 401 00:27:36,02 --> 00:27:41,89 and the imperfection is immediately detected. Nothing but verify. Action gets by. 402 00:27:41,91 --> 00:27:46,54 But with this organization careful service inspection isn't enough by any means 403 00:27:46,54 --> 00:27:49,78 thorough microscopic examination tells their vision 404 00:27:49,78 --> 00:27:52,96 or story of what's beneath the surface of the. 405 00:27:52,97 --> 00:27:58,02 Cross sections of samples from every lab produced are prepared by making tiny wax 406 00:27:58,02 --> 00:27:59,67 candles with a strip of yarn. 407 00:28:00,00 --> 00:28:04,56 Warming the work in the center of the candle is then accurately cut into a paper 408 00:28:04,56 --> 00:28:08,97 thin slices each of which contains a tiny cross-section of yarn for its core 409 00:28:09,98 --> 00:28:11,66 when a slice is placed in a powerful microscope 410 00:28:12,48 --> 00:28:16,57 and the focus properly adjusted the structure of each tiny filament is plainly 411 00:28:16,57 --> 00:28:20,36 Ready To the untrained eye such a picture means nothing. 412 00:28:21,35 --> 00:28:23,67 But to the Depart expert the size shape 413 00:28:23,67 --> 00:28:28,17 and arrangement of every fiber tell a definite story about the quality of the yarn 414 00:28:28,17 --> 00:28:29,72 being tested. 415 00:28:29,74 --> 00:28:32,50 Notice the difference between lustrous Rayyan and Dollar A 416 00:28:32,50 --> 00:28:33,88 and as revealed by the microscope. 417 00:28:34,46 --> 00:28:38,26 The tiny specks of pigment in the sample on the right are embedded within each 418 00:28:38,26 --> 00:28:44,36 individual fiber a permanent part of its basic structure by scientific preparation 419 00:28:44,36 --> 00:28:48,87 an analysis of photo micrographs of specimens of yarn from every last produced the 420 00:28:48,87 --> 00:28:52,24 quality of the yarn is constantly safeguards. 421 00:28:52,25 --> 00:28:56,47 Even one of those passed every other test all your Padre on is carefully checked 422 00:28:56,47 --> 00:29:01,79 again before shipping to you this game inspection may appear hurried and haphazard. 423 00:29:02,15 --> 00:29:04,79 But with these girths years of training 424 00:29:04,79 --> 00:29:07,77 and knowing just what to look for have made a hand 425 00:29:07,77 --> 00:29:10,22 and I super sensitive to any possible defect. 426 00:29:10,75 --> 00:29:14,75 No single cones again or two with leaves and a plant. 427 00:29:14,77 --> 00:29:19,66 Without this final thorough check up from beginning to end one hard 428 00:29:19,66 --> 00:29:24,54 and fast policy dictates and controls the outcome of every operation test 429 00:29:24,55 --> 00:29:25,75 and check check 430 00:29:25,76 --> 00:29:30,88 and test every step of the way from the raw materials to the finished product. 431 00:29:30,97 --> 00:29:32,28 Nothing is taken for granted. 432 00:29:33,35 --> 00:29:37,38 The result of each process is scientifically analyzed by accurate fact finding 433 00:29:37,38 --> 00:29:42,69 equipment in the hands of experienced capable technicians It takes plenty of time 434 00:29:42,69 --> 00:29:45,00 skill painstaking care 435 00:29:45,00 --> 00:29:49,07 and effort to follow such a procedure in large scale production. 436 00:29:49,09 --> 00:29:51,51 But that the only way of Scion Rayyan is made. 437 00:29:51,65 --> 00:29:55,61 Yarns that make possible fabrics that lend new beauty 438 00:29:55,61 --> 00:29:59,93 and attractiveness to clothing and home furnishings can. 439 00:30:00,00 --> 00:30:02,90 Less articles of distinction to be found in fine shops 440 00:30:02,90 --> 00:30:08,73 and department stores from coast to coast smart dresses for every occasion for 441 00:30:08,74 --> 00:30:10,65 woman Miss or child. 442 00:30:11,04 --> 00:30:15,77 Made of every conceivable type of material for Landry and negligent is. 443 00:30:15,86 --> 00:30:20,04 There are certain French crepes flat grapes Tabitha's 444 00:30:20,04 --> 00:30:25,31 and knitted fabrics of every type Scion menswear to games variety 445 00:30:25,31 --> 00:30:28,48 and good looks through fabrics made of Du Pont re on young. 446 00:30:28,98 --> 00:30:34,89 Underwear ties Wetter's shirts for Jamas holes slacks 447 00:30:34,89 --> 00:30:36,71 and tropical suitings for sportswear. 448 00:30:37,41 --> 00:30:42,39 Leading curtain departments everywhere feature A on my quiz that's boiled. 449 00:30:42,71 --> 00:30:46,80 Nina on and plain and novelty weaves and draperies 450 00:30:46,80 --> 00:30:53,12 and bedspreads rich brocades Rocca tells Jack card's reps toil soirees 451 00:30:53,12 --> 00:30:56,22 satins Damasks and plain weeds 452 00:30:56,92 --> 00:31:01,04 and by fine furniture your pond railings provide outstanding upholstery fabric. 453 00:31:02,51 --> 00:31:02,85 For a thousand 454 00:31:02,85 --> 00:31:07,83 and one essential articles of daily use if you find rain on yarns ensure beauty 455 00:31:07,83 --> 00:31:08,84 and long life. 456 00:31:09,28 --> 00:31:12,97 Backed by the symbol of rain on quality your assurance 457 00:31:12,97 --> 00:31:17,38 that the yarns used are made to the highest standards of quality precision 458 00:31:17,39 --> 00:31:21,39 and honest powerful craftsmanship on yarns 459 00:31:21,39 --> 00:31:25,05 that take a marriage in place beside every other important development 460 00:31:25,05 --> 00:31:27,54 that has added beauty luxury ease 461 00:31:27,54 --> 00:31:32,36 and comfort to our daily lives on yarns by Dupont.