File:Volume-Tracking-A-new-method-for-quantitative-assessment-and-visualization-of-intracardiac-blood-1471-2342-11-10-S2.ogv

English: Animation: Composite visualization of LV filling using both Volume Tracking and particle tracing. Composite particle trace and Volume Tracking visualization of LV filling in volunteer 7, also shown in Figure 1. Anatomical four-chamber Cine images are displayed in the background for orientation. See Figure 1 for a description of the anatomy. The image is semi-transparent to show flow behind the four-chamber plane. Time is counted from the start of ventricular systole. At the beginning of the movie a Volume Tracking plane is visible at the level of the mitral valve, and a collection of particles are visible just above the plane. Particles are released every 20 milliseconds in the same location. The Volume Tracking plane can be seen as an infinitely flexible and stretchable sheet, deformed effortlessly with the flow. Between t = 0.337 s and t = 0.5 s, the Volume Tracking plane is deformed as blood flows into the ventricle. The particles show an ordered inflow. The Volume Tracking plane shows that the front of inflowing blood moves quickly towards the apex. After t = 0.5 s the particle traces show a complex arrangement of vortices, which slows down almost to a standstill around t = 0.8 s. The Volume Tracking surface keeps on deforming slowly even after t = 0.8s, when the particles seem to have stopped moving. Notice the correspondence between the two methods. Specifically, very few particles cross through the Volume Tracking plane. This is due to the fact that all particles are released in the inflowing blood and that the Volume Tracking plane separates the inflowing blood from the blood already in the ventricle.