File:Quine's qualitative sphere.pdf
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Size of this JPG preview of this PDF file: 628 × 600 pixels. Other resolutions: 251 × 240 pixels | 503 × 480 pixels | 804 × 768 pixels | 1,072 × 1,024 pixels | 2,144 × 2,048 pixels | 2,656 × 2,537 pixels.
Original file (2,656 × 2,537 pixels, file size: 2.21 MB, MIME type: application/pdf)
File information
Structured data
Captions
Summary[edit]
DescriptionQuine's qualitative sphere.pdf |
English: Example for Quine's notion of a "qualitative sphere", used in his article "Natural Kinds" (1970). In analogy to the definition of a circle area in geometry, Quine's sphere is defined as the set of all objects x that are more similar to a "paradigm" object p than p is to a "foil" object f. This way, the notion of a "natural kind" could be defined in terms of "similarity" (Quine investigated both notions in a comment on Goodman's new riddle of induction). The example shows the sphere for a natural kind "red objects". A problem discussed by Quine is that a general notion of similarity, rather than similarity with respect to color, would hardly generate the shown sphere, as e.g. a red paprika might be considered more similar to a yellow one than to a fire engine. |
Date | |
Source | Own work, based on the images File:Cherry_Stella444_edit.jpg / File:Capsicum_-_red_chili_chilli_-_piment_rouge_-_roter_Chili_01.jpg / File:2450450350053238630NHunwh_fs.jpg / File:Fire-Extinguisher.JPG / File:2006-10-25_Amanita_muscaria_crop.jpg / File:Orange_Fruit_Close-up.jpg / File:Poivrons_Luc_Viatour.jpg / File:Radishes_at_Wilson_Farm,_Lexington_MA.jpg / File:Big_strawberries_for_sale_in_Jerusalem.jpg / File:Tomatoes_plain_and_sliced.jpg from commons.wikimedia.org |
Author | Jochen Burghardt |
Other versions | File:Quine's qualitative sphere svg.svg |
LaTeX source code |
---|
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[pdftex]{color}
\usepackage[paperwidth=450mm,paperheight=430mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\setlength{\topmargin}{-36mm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{450mm}
\setlength{\textheight}{430mm}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-23mm}
\setlength{\parindent}{0cm}
\setlength{\unitlength}{1mm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
\begin{picture}(450,430)
\put(50.000,0.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000)[bl]{\includegraphics[height=400mm]{circle.png}}}%
%
\put(150.000,100.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{fireExtinguisher.jpg}}}%
\put(110.000,190.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[width=50mm]{tomatoes.jpg}}}%
\put(150.000,300.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{chili.jpg}}}%
%
\put(250.000,60.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{fireEngine.jpg}}}%
\put(250.000,200.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{paprikaRed.jpg}}}%
\put(250.000,340.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{cherries.jpg}}}%
%
\put(350.000,100.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{flyAgarics.jpg}}}%
\put(390.000,200.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{radish.jpg}}}%
\put(350.000,300.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{strawberries.jpg}}}%
%
\put(29.000,200.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{orange.jpg}}}%
%
\put(30.000,330.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{paprikaYellow.jpg}}}%
\put(70.000,400.000){\makebox(0.000,0.000){\includegraphics[height=50mm]{paprikaGreen.jpg}}}%
%
\thicklines
\put(235,221){\line(1,1){82}}%
\put(235,221){\line(-1,0){192}}%
\put(250,170){\makebox(0,0){\Large\bf Paradigm}}%
\put(29,170){\makebox(0,0){\Large\bf Foil}}%
\end{picture}
\end{document}
%%%%% original file names of images from commons.wikimedia.org:
% cherries.jpg Cherry_Stella444_edit.jpg
% chili.jpg Capsicum_-_red_chili_chilli_-_piment_rouge_-_roter_Chili_01.jpg
% fireEngine.jpg 2450450350053238630NHunwh_fs.jpg
% fireExtinguisher.jpg Fire-Extinguisher.JPG
% flyAgarics.jpg 2006-10-25_Amanita_muscaria_crop.jpg
% orange.jpg Orange_Fruit_Close-up.jpg
% paprikaGreen.jpg Poivrons_Luc_Viatour.jpg
% paprikaRed.jpg Poivrons_Luc_Viatour.jpg
% paprikaYellow.jpg Poivrons_Luc_Viatour.jpg
% radish.jpg Radishes_at_Wilson_Farm,_Lexington_MA.jpg
% strawberries.jpg Big_strawberries_for_sale_in_Jerusalem.jpg
% tomatoes.jpg Tomatoes_plain_and_sliced.jpg
|
Licensing[edit]
I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 19:50, 19 February 2014 | 2,656 × 2,537 (2.21 MB) | Jochen Burghardt (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
File usage on other wikis
The following other wikis use this file:
- Usage on no.wikipedia.org
- Usage on sco.wikipedia.org
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Software used | TeX |
---|---|
Conversion program | pdfTeX-1.40.3 |
Encrypted | no |
Page size | 1275.59 x 1218.9 pts |
Version of PDF format | 1.4 |