Category:4MV

4MV 

design used for Soviet space probes to Mars and Venus

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The 4MV planetary probe (short for 4th-generation Mars-Venus probe) is a designation for a common design used for Soviet unmanned probes to Mars and Venus. The same base design was used for some earth-orbiting space observatories.

Variants:

• Mars M-69: M-69 s/n 521, M-69 s/n 522
• Mars M-71| Mars 2 (M-71 s/n 171), Mars 3 (M-71 s/n 172)
• Venera 4V-1: Venera 9 (4V-1 s/n 660), Venera 10 (4V-1 s/n 661), Venera 11 (4V-1 s/n 360), Venera 12 (4V-1 s/n 361), Venera 13 (4V-1 s/n 760), Venera 14 (4V-1 s/n 761)
• Astron: Astron
• Venera 4V-2: Venera 15 (4V-2 s/n 860), Venera 16 (4V-2 s/n 861)
• Granat: Granat