Hausa subtitles for clip: File:Ikusgela – Simone de Beauvoir.webm

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Ba a haifi ɗaya ba:
amma ya zama mace.

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Babu makoma ta ilimin
halitta, tunani ko tattalin arziki

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Tana bayyana siffar
mata a cikin al'umma:

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Duk wayewa ce ta halicce ta.

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00:00:17,480 --> 00:00:19,735
Wannan ko da yake
har yanzu yana nan.

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Duk da cewa daga 1949.

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Simone de Beauvoir ne ta rubuta.

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A cikin sauƙin wallafe-wallafen
da ake kira "jima'i na biyu".

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Masaniyar falsafa,
ƴar jariya, marubuciya,

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Marubuciya, ƴan jarida...

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Beauvoir ta kasance duk wannan.

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A yau mun san ta ta
musamman saboda ta ci gaba

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Wasu daga cikin mahimman
ra'ayoyin mata na zamani.

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00:00:41,202 --> 00:00:43,202
Amma wacece Beauvoir?

15
00:00:43,227 --> 00:00:44,892
Me muka sani game da rayuwarta?

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00:00:44,894 --> 00:00:47,480
An haife ta a shekara ta 1908.

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A cikin Paris,

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A cikin iyali mai
arziki na Katolika.

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00:00:51,489 --> 00:00:54,556
Tun tana shekara 15, ta riga ta
san cewa tana son zama marubuciya.

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00:00:55,010 --> 00:00:58,135
Kuma a lokacin ta rasa imaninta.

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00:00:58,642 --> 00:01:02,602
Ta yi karatun falsafa a
jami'ar Sorbonne, Paris.

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00:01:02,903 --> 00:01:05,960
Nan ta hadu da wasu
masu hankali na lokacin.

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00:01:05,961 --> 00:01:07,880
Ciki har da Jean Paul Sartre:

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Mai tunanin da zai raka
ta har karshen rayuwarta.

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00:01:12,128 --> 00:01:16,918
A 1949 ta buga
littafin "jima'i na biyu",

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00:01:17,327 --> 00:01:20,591
Kuma ko da yake ba ta dauki
kanta a matsayin mace ba tukunna.

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Ta zama tushen
gwagwarmayar duniya

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A wajen mata.

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Yaƙin duniya na biyu ya yi
tasiri sosai a rayuwar mai tunani.

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00:01:29,538 --> 00:01:31,684
Beauvoir ta ajiye
matsayinta na rashin siyasa

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Kuma ta fara shiga cikin
rigingimun siyasa na lokacin.

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Kamar yadda za mu ce a yau.

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A cikin shekarun
1970, alal misali.

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Ta ƙirƙiri wani motsi na goyon
bayan yanke hukuncin zubar da ciki.

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00:01:43,440 --> 00:01:45,216
Wanda ake kira Choirs.

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00:01:45,643 --> 00:01:48,576
Mawaƙa na nufin
Zaɓi a cikin Faransanci.

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Ta rasu a shekarar 1986;

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Amma ta tafi

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A cikin litattafanta, kasidu
da abubuwan tunawa

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Tunani da ke ci gaba da samun
sakamako har zuwa lokacin da ya dace.

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Ƙwararriyar, wararru

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00:02:01,128 --> 00:02:03,725
Tunanin Simone de Beauvoir
shine wanzuwar rayuwa.

43
00:02:05,629 --> 00:02:07,188
Ko kuma a zahiri,

44
00:02:07,189 --> 00:02:09,001
Atheistic wanzuwa,

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Wanda ba shi da
tushe na tauhidi.

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00:02:11,308 --> 00:02:12,641
A bisa wannan tsarin tunani.

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00:02:12,655 --> 00:02:14,775
Ba a kaddara ba

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00:02:14,789 --> 00:02:17,789
Ta kowace irin rukunan
falsafa ko ɗabi'a.

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00:02:18,379 --> 00:02:21,242
Rayuwa ta duniya ba
su da ma'ana ta zahiri.

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00:02:21,256 --> 00:02:23,761
Amma kowanne
yana iya ba da nasa.

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Bugu da ƙari, dole
ne ku ba shi ma'ana.

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Idan kana son yin
rayuwa ta gaskiya.

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00:02:28,793 --> 00:02:31,392
Dan Adam yana da
'yanci, domin haka,

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00:02:31,393 --> 00:02:33,974
An yanke muku hukuncin
yin zaɓi akai-akai.

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Kuma, saboda haka, kai ma ke
da alhakin yanke shawarar kan ku.

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00:02:37,675 --> 00:02:40,154
Ka yanke shawarar wane
irin mutum kake son zama,

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00:02:40,155 --> 00:02:42,249
Kuma wace irin
al'umma kuke son ginawa,

58
00:02:42,250 --> 00:02:44,982
Ta hanyar zaɓinku da ayyukanku.

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00:02:45,402 --> 00:02:47,428
A daina neman uzuri a al'ada.

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A ilmin halitta ko me!

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Saboda haka, Simone
de Beauvoir ta sha

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daga wanzuwa.

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Anan abubuwan sun kasance sosai

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A cikin ci gaban ta ko da
yake, kuma ga wannan.

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Ta haɗu da ilimin falsafa, ko
da yake kimiyya da baiwar adabi.

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00:03:04,295 --> 00:03:06,735
Ana iya taƙaita gudummuwarta
cikin manyan ra'ayoyi guda biyar:

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00:03:07,716 --> 00:03:10,436
1- Domin samun 'yanci, kana
bukatar ka so shi kuma ka yi aiki da shi.

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A cewar Simone de Beauvoir
'yanci ne ko da yaushe

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00:03:12,986 --> 00:03:14,519
Wuri da kafa:

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Yana faruwa a
cikin kowane mutum,

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Yanayi ta hanyar ba da mahallin.

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Don haka mutane ba su da

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Irin wannan damar
domim haɓaka 'yancinsu

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Kuma su aiwatar da
ayyukan rayuwarsu.

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00:03:28,214 --> 00:03:30,250
Misali, bawa ba ya da

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Dama irin na mai gidan shi,

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Kuma matan ma
ba su da na namiji.

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Akan wannan,

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Dole ne dan Adam ya
gina, fadadawa da yaki

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Su da sauran 'yanci
a kowane lokaci.

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A cikin kalmomin Beauvoir,

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ƙin 'yanci shine yin
watsi da ɗan adam.

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2- Dan-Adam yana da shubuha.

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Sabani yana da
mahimmanci ga ɗan adam.

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Dabba ce ba ta so ta zama dabba.

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Mutum yana rayuwa a halin yanzu,

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Kamar dai tsakanin abubuwan
da suka gabata da kuma gazawa.

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00:04:03,822 --> 00:04:06,381
Mutum ne, amma kuma,
wani ɓangare na gamayya.

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00:04:06,382 --> 00:04:09,048
Tunda dan Adam yana samuwa
ne ta hanyar alaka da sauran.

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Beauvoir ta furta kuma yayi
tunani game da waɗannan kwafin,

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00:04:13,771 --> 00:04:16,920
Kuma ku nemi kawowa da tarawa

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Ra'ayoyin binary na yau da
kullun a cikin tunanin Turai.

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Rayuwa da mutuwa,

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Jiki da hankali,

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yanayi da al'adu,

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Namiji da mace.

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Beauvoir ta share hanya
domin bita da sake tunani

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Waɗannan tsarin binary.

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3 - mace ta ginu.

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Ta yi watsi da ƙoƙarin ƙaddara

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Mutum, namiji ko mace:

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Ya kasance daga ilimin
tattalin arziki, ya kasance daga

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ilimin halin dan Adam ya
kasance daga ilmin halitta.

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Rayuwa, sabili da haka ra'ayoyi,
ana ba da ma'ana ta hanyar aiki,

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Bisa ga ƙayyadaddun tsarin
mutum ko tsarin zamantakewa.

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Ma'anar ta fito
daga waje, da ciki.

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Babu wani abu na
halitta, ainihin asali.

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Babu zalunci ko gata ta halitta.

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Saboda haka, a matsayin
waɗannan tsarin iko da matsayi

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00:05:06,781 --> 00:05:10,290
Al'adu ne, suna da canji.

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Ba a haifi baƙar fata ba
domin bayahude ba, Basque,

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Ka zo zama.

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Al'umma ne ke aiwatar da tsarin,
mahallin da kuma yanke shawara na mutum.

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Haka ya faru da matar.

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4- falsafar waninsa.

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Beauvoir yana amfani
da nau'in "sauran"

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Domin bayyana matsayin
mata a wannan duniyar ta maza.

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Kai bai isa ya haɓaka
aikin kyauta ba.

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Dan Adam yana haɓaka kanmu
ta hanyar dangantaka da wasu.

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Alakar da ke tsakanin kai da
ɗayan na iya zama nau'i biyu.

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Idan dangantakar
ta bunkasa a fili,

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00:05:47,898 --> 00:05:50,057
Girmamawa zai
zama bidirectional,

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00:05:50,111 --> 00:05:51,844
Kuma zai wadata duka biyun.

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Idan, akasin haka,
ya fito daga ɗayan.

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00:05:54,347 --> 00:05:58,280
Kamar na mai bawa,
ba za a girmama ba.

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A koyaushe za a siffanta
ɗayan a cikin alaƙa zuwa ɗayan,

127
00:06:02,684 --> 00:06:06,484
Kuma dayan zai san duniya
da su kansu ta wurin idon daya.

128
00:06:06,751 --> 00:06:09,698
Mai shi zai zama "wanda", batun;

129
00:06:09,699 --> 00:06:12,859
Bawan, a gefe
guda, "sauran", batun.

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A cikin kalmomin Beauvoir,

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abin da ke faruwa
da mata ke nan.

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Namiji shine batun, mata,
maimakon haka, sauran.

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Za mu iya samun misalin
hakan a labaran wasanni na yau.

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Wasannin maza wasanni ne.

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Wasannin mata a daya bangaren.

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Ƙananan rukuni,
ɗayan, wasanni na mata.

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5- Tunani Diversity:
bambance-bambance a cikin daidaito.

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Dangane da bambancin,

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Beauvoir ya yi watsi
da ra'ayoyi guda biyu:

140
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A gefe guda kuma, mahangar
zalunci da mulkin mallaka:

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Daidaito cikin bambanci

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An ba da wani nau'i
na daidaiton ka'ida

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00:06:54,411 --> 00:06:57,678
Ga wadanda suka bambanta,

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00:06:57,930 --> 00:07:02,263
Amma dangane da ainihin
yanayin, an sake komawa.

145
00:07:03,047 --> 00:07:07,014
A daya bangaren kuma, mai tunani
yana da'awar juyar da maganar.

146
00:07:07,081 --> 00:07:09,948
Zama "bambancin daidaito".

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Fara daga wannan tunanin,

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00:07:12,473 --> 00:07:14,406
Magance bambance-bambance,

149
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Ta haɓaka layin tunani wanda zai yi
la'akari da su daidai da tushen tushe.

150
00:07:20,217 --> 00:07:22,624
A zahiri, wannan na iya
zama tushen fahimtar yanzu

151
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Na dangantakar
mallake daban-daban

152
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Da kuma gwagwarmayar
tsaka-tsaki.

153
00:07:29,430 --> 00:07:32,296
Har yanzu muna amfani
da waɗannan ra'ayoyin

154
00:07:32,326 --> 00:07:35,393
Don fahimta da kuma
nazarin duniyar ta yanzu.

155
00:07:35,394 --> 00:07:37,660
Wannan shine dalilin da
ya sa Simone de Beauvoir

156
00:07:37,703 --> 00:07:40,835
Yana cikin mafi mahimmancin
masu tunani na karni na 20.

157
00:07:41,133 --> 00:07:44,866
Da kuma iyawarta na duban gaba:

158
00:07:45,641 --> 00:07:48,548
Sabbin alakoki na jiki da tasiri
waɗanda ba za mu iya ɗaukar ciki ba

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00:07:48,549 --> 00:07:53,498
Za a haifa tsakanin jinsi.

160
00:07:53,803 --> 00:07:56,594
Bayan shekaru 70,

161
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Za mu iya cewa ta yi gaskiya?

162
00:07:58,999 --> 00:08:03,495
Ko har yanzu ba mu haɓaka
dangantakar da ba za mu iya tunanin ba.