English subtitles for clip: File:Encyclopedia Britannica - Southwestern 2.webm

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The southwestern region of the United
States Texas Oklahoma New Mexico

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and Arizona is sometimes regarded
as a great empire New Mexico

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and Arizona alone spanned the
broad rocky mountain plateau.

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High level plain mocks the
plateaus eastern boundary

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and mountains across their Jagat
peaks into its northern limit.

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Rainfall is heaviest toward the east where
many streams begin threading their way

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down through the fertile
farmlands of Oklahoma

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and Texas to the Mississippi
Basin and the Gulf of Mexico.

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On the western side the slow rise of the
plateau has forced the Colorado River to

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dig it's bad a mile deep
in the Grand Canyon.

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As it flows toward the
Gulf of Lower California.

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The great dry plateau is dotted with
picturesque stretches of denser.

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The mountains come down from the north.

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There are about can expand

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or cones which seem to have
ceased activity only recently.

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The plateau is a country a
mountain plain and Canyon.

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The Grand Canyon of the Colorado
attracts thousands of tourists annually.

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As well as geologists who come to read the
history of the earth in its exposed rock

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Strait.

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Either plateau lands contain a
wealth of lure for tourists.

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A wealth of speculation on
cultures of a bygone age.

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For ages Indians have found this plateau
a good place to live the Spanish fortune

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hunters in their earliest sixteenth century
explorations came upon ancient cultures

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here. As a result of intermarriage
Spanish blood mixed with

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that of native indian continues to this
day and many people of the southwest.

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Both Spanish and English our
official languages in New Mexico.

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Prehistoric irrigation systems are reflected
in giant modern project in the Rio

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Grande and healer River Basin.

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Crops include most of the
country's long staple cotton.

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More important than the plateau However
other cattle ranch is introduced by the

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Spaniards these influence life
even today in this region.

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In the vast dried table

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and our huge cattle ranges stocked with
thousands of highly bred beef cattle

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and of late years thousands
of dairy cattle.

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There are sheep ranges
with millions of sheep.

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Many herds owned or cared for by Mexicans
or by Indians such as the Navajo.

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New Mexico has ranked among leading sheep
grazing regions since the time of Spanish

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occupation.

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She production of the eastern portion of
the plateau including portions of Texas

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and Oklahoma exceeds even that
of Arizona and New Mexico.

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That's our west Texas sub region leads the
nation in production of mohair the wall

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of Angora go.

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Taxes Oklahoma and other plains states.
Developing vast Turkey ranches.

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The Spaniards overlook Arizona's copper.

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Today her mine is produce nearly
one half of the nation's copper.

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In addition Arizona has
some gold and silver zinc

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and Len billions of tons of coal of this
sub region underlie Indian reservations

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its hands cannot be developed at present
New Mexico is coming to the fore as a

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producer of petroleum and also
produces some copper silver gold

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and coal.

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The vast state of Texas

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and her sister state Oklahoma to the north
are the more fertile portion of the

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Southwest where rainfall is heavier.

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This region likewise was crossed

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and recrossed by early Spanish explorers
later Americans who had gradually

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settled in eastern Texas struck
for liberty at the Alamo mall

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and at Sandhurst in tow

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and Texas became a republic which joined
the union in eighteen forty five.

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To the nonce lay Oklahoma land of the
red man was hunting ground of wandering

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Plains tribes that Kyle once

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or any Apaches who followed the great
buffalo herd on the Great Plains.

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Later refuge were creeks Cherokees
Chickasaw Choctaws and Seminole.

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Were driven from their homes to the.

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Oklahoma became the principal Indian
Territory today it includes remnants are

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eighty eight tribes in its one hundred
twenty thousand of Indian ancestry.

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Today nearly nine million of the Southwest
eleven million people live in the

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fertile region of the eastern
plains and Gulf Coast.

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Although there are still many large sheep
and cattle ranches in Texas and Oklahoma.

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There is a.

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Area is closely related in agriculture
to the southeastern United States.

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Texas

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and Oklahoma are raising about one third
of the nation's cotton all of this Texas

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Red central

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and northern farm belt produce is three
million bales of cotton in an average year.

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It is in cotton that Texas one million
Negro population find much of their work.

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Along with Louisiana

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and Arkansas southeast Texas irrigated
lands produce millions of bushels of rice

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yearly while in another irrigated district
the Lower Rio Grande Valley is one of

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the nation's richest Year-Round truck
gardening areas as well as vast level great

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fruit orchards.

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The northwestern part of the region is
in the winter wheat belt Oklahoma stands

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high among the state's introduction of
winter wheat corn farmers reap fine harvest

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in large valley areas nearby.

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And Oklahoma's Cotton Belt produces
nearly half a million bales per year

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in eastern Oklahoma coal fields bitumen is
coal miners eight in mineral production

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to help us stablish it as for among the
states in total annual value of all mineral.

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Huge piles of chat.

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Mark the location of zinc production of
northeastern Oklahoma production which

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gives it high rank among
states in this metal

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and six then production of land usually
found where there are near zinc deposits.

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But about diversity in
value of other minerals

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and farm crops the southwestern region
stands to premium petroleum production the

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huge oil fields of the Southwest are part
of a vast Basin extending into Louisiana

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on the east into Kansas on
the north and New Mexico.

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Around the West.

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In a recent year taxes alone produced
almost one fourth of the total world supply

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of petroleum for years

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or else much of it on Indian lands has been
the backbone of Oklahoma as well today.

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Modern oil derrick forests have encroached
upon the very capital in Oklahoma City.

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Much of the Mid-Continent petroleum
is piped to the Texas Gulf coast

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and near Port Arthur which most of the
largest petroleum refining center in the

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world from such Texas Gov org

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says Beaumont Port Arthur
Houston Texas city Galveston

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and Corpus Christi go a variety of
products to the eastern seaboard.

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To Europe to South America.

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That's the Southwest suppliers
raw materials petroleum cotton.

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Copper grain fruits
vegetables cattle and sheep.

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It receives manufactured
goods clothing tools.

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A host of smaller products
from the Northeast autos

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and farm machinery from the Middle State
Farm products from the northwest tobacco

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and tech stills from the sour
these lumber seafood fruits

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and motion pictures from the Far West.

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There are tens eddies in the southwest of
over one hundred thousand population they

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and their smaller sister
cities are mostly trade

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and jobbing centers in a region

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that has had the greatest population
increase ratio in recent years.

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Cities of the Southwest are typically new

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and clean fuel blogs lay by natural
gas cities largely without.

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Smoke.

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And so are bigger as modern culture replaces
that of a bygone age in the southwest.

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But ways of strong may have grown.
Become vast irrigated citrus farm.

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Across the sunlit plateau to the
west echoing back from canyon walls

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but the long have shielded and then
passed comes the surge of modern life.

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The far flung activities
of modern agriculture.

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The exploitation of resources
by modern industry.

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The rising crescendo of the
conquest of a continent.