REFORGER

Deutsch: Exercise REFORGER (from REturn of FORces to GERmany; Rückkehr von Streitkräften nach Deutschland) war während des Kalten Krieges eine Serie von Großmanövern der NATO, die ein- oder mehrmals im Jahr abgehalten wurden. Ziel der Manöver war es, dafür zu sorgen, dass die Vereinigte Staaten die Möglichkeit hatten, im Falle eines Konflikts mit der Sowjetunion schnell Kräfte nach Deutschland zu verlegen.

English: Exercise REFORGER (from REturn of FORces to GERmany) was an annual exercise conducted, during the Cold War, by the United States Army. The exercise was intended to ensure that the United States had the ability to quickly deploy forces to Germany in the event of a conflict with the Soviet Union.

REFORGER '78

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  M-88 armored recoery vehicle towing an M-60 main battle tank from a storage shelter in preparation in West Germany
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  M-88 armored recoery vehicle towing and a M-60 main battle tank

REFORGER '80

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  U.S. Army M60 tank during REFORGER '80 in the Netherlands
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  Troops debark a C-130 Hercules aircraft near a German Air Force C-160 aircraft during exercise Reforger '80
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  C-141B Starlifter aircraft airdrop cargo
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  47th Combat Support Hospital at Wunstorf Air Base in Germany

REFORGER '82

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  USAF F-15s and a German F-104G over Neuschwanstein Castle
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  UH-60A Black Hawk Hubschrauber mit einer M102 105 mm Haubitze
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  U.S. Army M60 Patton tank in a german village
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  U.S. Army M60 tanks near a German village
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  M-113 APC, jeeps, M551 Sheridan tanks during REFORGER '82 in Germany
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  M551 Sheridan tanks cross a river on a pontoon bridge
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  OV-10A Bronco aircraft, based at Sembach Air Base, Germany, in flight during exercise Reforger '82
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  British Bloodhound SAMs
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  M113, M901TOW und M981 FIST-V, Reforger 1982
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  US F-4 Phantom II and Norwegian F-5 Freedom Fighter
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  F-4D New Jersey Air National Guard during Reforger 1982
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  F-4E 512th TFS at Ramstein Air Base 1982 during Reforger 1982
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  An air-to-air view of a German RF-4E aircraft and two USAF F-15A aircraft in flight over [West] Germany during exercise "Reforger - Crested Cap II"
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  Caterpillar M520 GOER (Go-ability with Overall Economy and Reliability) transport vehicle
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  Members of the 28th Infantry Division and Luxembourg Army Reservists. The men have just arrived aboard a C-141 Starlifter aircraft and are en route to Karlsruhe, West Germany, to participate in REFORGER '82.
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  Members of the 1st Infantry Division with MGEN Edward Partain, left, commander of the 1st Inf. Div., talks with Luxembourg Army Major Alex Fischbach.

REFORGER '83

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  Ein Leopard 1-Kampfpanzer der Bundeswehr, Panzerbataillon 153 (PzBtl 153) während des Manövers Confident Enterprise als Teil von REFORGER/AUTUMN FORGE '83
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  Leopard 1
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  Ein Kampfpanzer M60A3 überquert einen Fluss auf einer Medium Girder Bridge (MGB)
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  32nd Combat Support Hospital during Reforger '83 at Hanau Airfield (Hesse) Germany
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  32nd Combat Support Hospital during Reforger '83
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  M113 during Reforger '83 in Stockhausen (Herbstein) Germany
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  F-4E Phantom II of the USAF 4th Tactical Fighter Wing over Germany in 1983
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  M901 Improved TOW vehicle
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  Starboard beam view of a West German Army utility landing craft transporting US soldiers and M113 armored personnel carriers across the Rhine River during Exercise REFORGER '83
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  Ambulances from the 583rd Medical Company are parked at the 32nd Combat Support Hospital for use during exercise Reforger '83

REFORGER '84

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  M270 MLRS is raised into the firing position during SPEARPOINT '84, a phase of Exercise REFORGER '84.
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  2. Zug der PzJgKp 741 (Panzerjägerkompanie) bei Reforger 84 in Wildflecken
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  M110 203 mm self-propelled Howitzers are staged in a parking area after being unloaded from a ship during Exercise REFORGER '84.

REFORGER '85

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  West German Leopard 1 tanks and Gepard ADA moving
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  M60A3 during REFORGER 1985 in Hessen
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  M60 AVLB bridgelayer
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  M60 AVLB is deployed across the Lahn River during Central Guardian, a phase of exercise Reforger '85. Location: Lahn River near Bellnhausen (Fronhausen), Hesse, Germany.
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  A convoy of M113 armored personnel carriers in Germany Exercise REFORGER '85
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  Soldiers use a Bergepanzer 2 ARV to attempt to offload an M60A1 main battle tank that has fallen off a flatbed railroad car during Exercise REFORGER '85
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  M 48 A2C Tank of the German 767th Sicherungsbataillon (Bundeswehr) during NATO exercise „Reforger 85“
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  M-60A3 near Giessen in Germany 1985
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  203mm self-propelled howitzers of the 40th Field Artillery are deployed along a line of trees during Central Guardian, a phase of Exercise REFORGER '85 near Weitershain (Landkreis Gießen)
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  M901 TOW missile vehicle
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  Camouflaged netting covers a Roland II surface-to-air-missile system during Exercise REFORGER '85
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  The commander of an M60A3 main battle tank searches for opposing force positions during CENTRAL GUARDIAN, a phase of Exercise REFORGER '85 near Giessen, Hesse, Germany.
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  An M-2 Bradley fighting vehicle from the 7th Infantry moves along a street during Central Guardian, a phase of Exercise Reforger '85 in Langgöns near Giessen, Hesse, Germany
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  M-2 Bradley refuels in the field during exercise REFORGER '85
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  M60A3 main battle tank discuss the results of a field training REFORGER 85
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  British MCV-80 IFV during Exercise Reforger '85
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  Three M2 Bradley during Exercise Reforger '85

REFORGER '86

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  An aerial view of a heavy artillery unit positioned outside the town
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  M60 Patton MBTs on Dundalk Marine Terminal
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  M60A1 maneuvering through the trees
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  M578 ARV on Dundalk Marine Terminal
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  M578 ARV
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  F-111F aircraft at Hahn Air Base in West Germany during Certain Sentinel, a part of Exercise REFORGER '86
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  F-16A 10th TFS at Hahn Air Base, Germany 1986
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  A USAF A-10A Thunderbolt II 78th TFS, 81st TFW, prepares for take off during exercise "Reforger '86
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  US Air Force personnel brief a general officer during REFORGER '86

REFORGER '90

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  Troops of the 22nd Infantry, 10th Mountain Division, board a C-141B Starlifter aircraft at Luxembourg International Airport. The troops are en route to West Germany during Exercise Reforger '90.
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  Jean B.S. Gerald, United States ambassador to Luxembourg, stands by as the Luxembourg army officer Colonel Armand Bruck and Lieutenant Colonel Jeffrey Spara

REFORGER '91

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  M998 HMMWV
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  M998s on docks
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  M813
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  Checking cargo manifests
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  Writing arrival date on container