File:Vietnamese irredentism and expansionism.png

Own work

• References: Origins of the Greater Vietnam sentiment, Vietnam - Laos and Cambodia, Vietnam's Domination of Indochina, Vietnam, the Third Indochina War and the meltdown of Asian internationalism
  • Attempts to claim China's Liangguang are based on a belief that the region had been part of Vietnamese states since ancient time, from Xích Quỷ (a mythical kingdom only found in Vietnamese textbooks), to Nanyue (despite being established by a Qin general, many Vietnamese claims the kingdom had Vietnamized itself and thus a Vietnamese state, arguing that the Han Chinese also does the same with Mongol's Yuan and Manchu's Qing), and finally the Trưng Sisters' Lĩnh Nam state (when the Sisters rose up against the Han, it is believed that many in the former Nanyue had joined the rebellion, making the new kingdom stretched across 65 towns). Below are the said attempts:
    • From nationalists' websites: [1][2][3][4]
    • In books: Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Việt Nam sử lược
    • Historically, Emperor Quang Trung is known for his effort to "reclaim" Liangguang (Lưỡng Quảng in Vietnamese): The story of King Quang Trung 'proposing' to a Qing Dynasty princess, Quang Trung's two unfulfilled wishes, Emperor Quang Trung proposed to the Qing princess and asked for Liangguang
  • Attempts to claim part or entire of Laos and Cambodia are based on two beliefs: that these two states used to be a part of Vietnamese kingdom, and that they have been dependent on the Vietnamese since the First Indochina War (see Communist Party of Indochina, North Vietnamese invasion of Laos, South Vietnam's Cambodian campaign, and Cambodian–Vietnamese War). Below are the said attempts:
    • From nationalists' websites: [5][6][7] - Emperor Gia Long is known for his action of giving away Trấn Ninh, once part of Vietnam, to the Laotian, of which many Vietnamese consider shameful [8][9]; On the other hand, Gia Long's son, Minh Mạng, is praised for conqueroring Cambodia and administrating it as Trấn Tây Thành [10][11]
    • Historically, the communist government of Vietnam had sent troops to station and even occupy Laos and Cambodia during the Indochina Wars: Vietnamese volunteer soldiers and military experts in Laos, Vietnam-Laos combat alliance: Journeys of friendship and glory, From victory over the genocidal regime of Pol Pot to the friendly long-term relations, The righteous war in Cambodia
  • Maps of Paracel and Spratly Islands
    • Dragon's Belly Line (Đường Bụng Rồng): A mimicking effort of China's Nine-dash Line, which the Vietnamese nicknames “Cow’s Tongue Line” (Đường Lưỡi Bò) [12][13][14]
    • Vietnamese names for Paracel and Spratly Islands is Hoàng Sa (Yellow Sand) and Trường Sa (Long Sand) respectively.