File:Outlines of comparative physiology touching the structure and development of the races of animals, living and extinct - for the use of schools and colleges (1870) (14759757266).jpg

Identifier: outlinesofcompar00agas (find matches)
Title: Outlines of comparative physiology touching the structure and development of the races of animals, living and extinct : for the use of schools and colleges
Year: 1870 (1870s)
Authors: Agassiz, Louis, 1807-1873 Gould, Augustus A. (Augustus Addison), 1805-1866 Wright, Thomas, 1809-1884
Subjects: Physiology, Comparative Zoology
Publisher: London : Bell & Daldy
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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th other greasy and resinous materials. (§ 328. The vertebrate animals resemble man in the generalarrangement and division of the digestive organs (fig. 180) ;their principal differences depending upon the nature of thefood; the purely carnivorous species having a shorter andsimpler apparatus than those which are frugivorous : amongthe latter the stomach is often a compound organ. In the ro-dents, as the rat, there are two compartments, and in ruminantsfour distinct cavities, whilst in the carnivora it forms a simplebag, as in man. The intestinal canal bears a constant relation,in its length and development, to the kind of food to be di-gested. In general, the length of the intestine is greatest inthe ruminants, varying from fifteen to twenty times the length YERTEBRATA. 179 of the body ; in the sheep its proportionate length is as 28 toI, whilst in the carnivora the proportion is about 4 to 1. In Maxillary gland.Trachea. Lungs. *Heart. Liver.Gall bag. Colon. Caecum. Small intestine.
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Parotid gland. Pharynx.Esophagous Thorax.Aorta. Diaphragm. Stomach. Pancreas. Spleen, Kidneys. Colon. Abdomen. Rectum.Bladder. Fig. 180.—The Digestive Organs of a Monkey. animals living upon a mixed diet of animal and vegetable food,the proportionate length of the intestine occupies an inter-mediate position; in many rodents and monkeys the propor-tion is about 5 to 1 ; in man about 6 to 1. It may be stated,as a general rule, that the stomach is simple when the foodconsists of easily-digested animal substances, and is morecomplicated when the harder vegetable substances form thesustenance of the animal; wherever a plurality of stomachsexist, there is one which is the true digestive cavity, the otherssubserving the processes of maceration and preparation. (§ 329. Upon minute examination with the microscope, themucous membrane of the stomach is found to be covered withsmall glandular follicles, which open internally; these aper-tures are surrounded by an abundant vascular network, wh

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