File:NLC416-07jh010872-4476 易通.pdf

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易通   (Wikidata search (Cirrus search) Wikidata query (SPARQL)  Create new Wikidata item based on this file)
Author
金景芳著
image of artwork listed in title parameter on this page
Title
易通
Publisher
商務印書館[發行] (重慶)
Description

介紹《周易》的知識性著作。作者認為《易經》兆基於伏羲,發展於神農,至周初而造極,經孔子而光大。至秦以卜筮之書未遭火焚,得以保存。漢以後雜異端、穿鑿象數,從而使易晦澀難讀。雖經清代經學者的努力,仍未恢復本意。認為《易經》是「唯物的、積極的、進步的、社會的實證哲學」,並有許多說法與唯物辯證法相符合,並對《易經》給以較高的評價。全書分10章:周易之命名,易學之起源與發展,先哲作易之目的,易之體系,周易之特質,論象數義理,筮儀考,周易與孔子,周易與老子,周易與唯物辯證法。書墨附《再論象數義理》

目錄
序言
第一章 周易之命名
一、周為代名。二、易之名有取於變易。而兼涵易簡不易二義;宋儒更說以交易。其實交易易簡不易皆自變易一義引伸。
第二章 易學之起源與發展
第一節 卦與筮之發生
一、伏羲畫卦,其時或有卜,斷無有筮。二、筮之興也,至早在神農之世。三、重卦當與用筮同時,或差在前。四、用筮至遲當在虞夏以前。
第二節 筮巳發生易尚未作其間發展情形
一、筮為巫史所掌。二、周易以前之筮書,其卦名與筮法,當與周易略同,所不同者,僅排列次序,象爻文辭,占用七八九六數事。
第三節 周易之製作與表章
一、周易作於文王無確據,然亦當為周初作品。二、周易卦爻辭例,不無因仍舊文。三、周易發揮光大,由於孔子。
第三章 先哲作易之目的
一、總述。二、易之構成要件。三、蓍與卦之性質及其相互關係。四、引證。五、解『開物成務』。六、結論。
第四章 易之體系
一、易為形而上學。其方法,純用符號以表抽象觀念。二、易之符號,在化繁複為簡單,而尋求其條理。三、易之符號有三:(1)基本符號——陰陽兩儀,(2)類別符號——乾坤等八卦,(3)種別符號——乾坤屯蒙等六十四卦。
第五章 周易之特質
第一節 周易之排列次序
一、以反對為次。二、以乾坤居首。三、以既濟未濟居末。
第二節 周易之象爻辭句
(甲) 爻位通例
一、位例:(1)位名,(2)陰陽,(3)三才,(4)尊卑,(5)中,(6)上下初終,(7)交際進退。——二、爻例:(1)卦主,(2)當位不當位,(3)應,(4)乘承,(5)往來。
(乙) 象辭
一、卦名二例:(1)由單一構成體取義,(2)由複合成體取義。——二、象辭大義及其用字。——三、判斷吉凶之標準:(1)中,(2)正,(3)應,(4)交,(5)名,(6)時。——四、象傳精語。
(丙) 爻辭
一、象象區別。——二、變通之義。——三、爻辭義例——爻象所貴。(1)中正,(2)當位,(3)順承,(4)有與。
第三節 周易之占用九六
一、用蓍本義,(1)作蓍在以『幽贊神明』,(2)用蓍在以得數,(3)解『參天兩地而倚數』,(4)解『觀變於陰陽而立卦』。二、筮法,(1)『大衍之數五十』有脫交,(2)『共用四十有九』謂布莢只用此數,(3)解分二,(4)解卦一,(5)解揲四,(6)解歸奇,(7)解再扐,(8)解四營十八變,(9)解二篇之策,(10)解小成、引仲、觸類,(11)解『顯道神德行』。三、用九用六,(1)名九名六,取三變之本
第六章 論象數義理
一、易兼象數義理。二、象寓於卦而數生於蓍。三、象數備而易之體用該,不得歧象數而言義理。
第七章 筮儀考
一、士冠筮日。二、士喪筮宅兆。三、特性饋食筮日。四、少牢饋食筮祭日。五、要例。
第八章 周易與孔子
第一節 論孔子思想
一、孔子為中國唯一哲人。二、孔子思想,解者各異。三、研究孔子當以六經為準,尤當側重易與春秋。四、易翼與春秋為最成熟之作品。五,易翼春秋價值相等。
第二節 孔子之哲學基礎
一、孔子出而易學嚴正,體系亦正。二、孔子之哲學基礎,在周易,其一生言行,胥以此為發點。三、學易在『知命』,而『知命』,在『履信』『思順』『尚賢』,孔子所獨具之精神,端在於此。
第三節 孔子所發現之人生行為法則
一、總說,(1)易之名有取於變,宇宙萬物無時不在變動之中,(2)聖人即於變動不居之中,發現人生永久之真理,(3)永久真理,為:時、中、正、順、應,(4)時、中、正、順、應,為易卦爻判斷吉凶悔吝之義例,亦即孔子所恃以『從心所欲不踰矩』者。
二、釋時,(1)時、即因時代環境事宜之不同,而各為適當必要之措置,(2)時之一字,寶為孔子之基本哲學,(3)時之用,恆與權偕。
三、釋中,(1)人事萬變,中為簡以馭敏之准,(2)中,括中和二義,(3)中之為用,斷非『鄉原』之謂。(4)中為唯一最高之道德標準。
四、釋正,(1)正者正當不舛錯,正直不邪曲,(2)為政而求『人官物曲』無不正當,莫若『正名』,(3)正與時中之義一貫。
五、釋順,(1)順者,相從有序之謂,(2)疏釋引證文字中之名物制度。(甲)『郊社』,(乙)『宗廟』,(丙)『禘嘗』,(丁)『序昭穆』,(戊)『序爵』,(已)『序事』,(庚)『旅酬』,(辛)『燕毛』。
六、釋應,(1)應者,和也,(2)易之應爻,必陰陽異質,(3)時、中、正、順、應、理實一貫。
第四節 論仁
一、仁為孔子行道立教之原動力,亦與易理相契合。二,仁字非它,直法天地之生生。三、仁字含三義:(1)二人以上,(2)相親,(3)相親之具體表現,為以人之好惡,為取捨之標準。四、行仁之方為恕。五、恕者『已欲立而立人,已欲達而達人,』『已所不欲,勿施於人。』六,忠恕常並舉之義。七、仁為社會的行為,其本原在欲生。八、仁者人心,亦天心。九、聖人非順應自然,乃參贊自然。十、行仁之具體方法。十一、言仁可該義。十
第五節 論誠
一、孔子哲學以仁為目標,以時為方法。二、誠者真實無偽。三、誠信對舉之義。四、孔子哲學純以實證為根據。
第九章 周易與老子
第一節 總說
一、孔子與老子,為我國歷史上兩大哲人;周易與老子為我國哲學上兩大經典。二、承學之士,直視老易為千古二大啞謎。三、老易屬哲學,以研究普遍原理為職志。四、孔子哲學,純出於易,老子哲學,與易大異其趣。
第二節 老子之哲學基礎
一、周易所注意者在有,老子所注意者在無。二、老子之哲學,以無作出發點。三、老子哲學屬唯心一派。
第三節 老子哲學之應用(一)
一、老子哲學應用於人生,則在無為。二、無為之精義,即『以本為精,以物為精,』,『秉要執本,清虛以自守。』三、老子之政教主張,在無為自然,實以『執古之道,以御今之有』一語為根荄。
第四節 老子哲學之應用(二)
一、周易重分別、老子貴『玄同』。二、孔子有意以為仁,老子不仁而任道。
第五節 老子之行為原理
第六節 老子為利己主義
一、老子之目的:唯在利己,而不計及是非善惡。二、老子固非無意於天下者。三、老子之澹泊,實乃大貪;『不敢為天下先』乃正取天下之陰謀;其宋流衍為法家兵家,亦勢所必至。
第七節 老子為陰謀家
一、老子屢稱於水,而好談兵。二、老子全書,皆從得失利害處著眼。三、老子無民主思想。
第八節 結論
一,老子之修養方法,在冥悟。二、老子哲學與易不同處,為:易為唯物的,積極的,進步的,社會的,實證的哲學;老為唯心的,消極的,保守的,個人的,內省的哲學。三,易老皆自成體系,為中國哲學二大宗派之開山。
第十章 周易與唯物辯證法
一、周易與唯物辯證法,其說若合符節。二、宇宙之真理定為一。三、易之『生兩儀』,『生四象』,『生八卦』,與唯物辯證法之第一法則符合。四、易六十四卦之排列,合於唯物辯證法第二第三法則。五、全易六十四卦,可視為一鏈。六『易窮則變,變則通,通則久。』亦合於三法則。七、易之一字,已含三法則。八、易之構成,與所謂『此螺旋曲線之每一斷片,每一破片,每一小片,俱能變化為獨立的,完全的,直的線』之理合。
附錄 再論象數義理

Language Chinese
Publication date 民國34[1945]
Source
institution QS:P195,Q732353
(民國時期文獻 民國圖書)
主題
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先秦哲學
中圖分類
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B221.5
拼音題名
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yi tong
載體形態
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163頁

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