File:Microbial and eukaryotic components of the gut.jpg

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Italiano: Componenti microbiche ed eucariotiche dell'intestino. Come rappresentato nello schema, la mucosa intestinale è una struttura altamente dinamica in cui i microrganismi e le cellule epiteliali e immunitarie interagiscono continuamente. Il microbiota intestinale è composto principalmente dal phylum Firmicutes, seguito da Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria e altri batteri che sono meno abbondanti ma ugualmente importanti, tra cui Proteobacteria e Verrucomicrobia Akkermansia muciniphilla. Il rilevamento e la risposta immunitaria possono essere valutati in corrispondenza del cerotto di Peyer locale presente nell'intestino tenue o attraverso i nodi mesenterici, attivando le cellule immunitarie e accedendo all'intestino attraverso il flusso sanguigno, promuovendo infine il rilascio di IgA da parte dei linfociti B plasmatici. Altre cellule possono aiutare nella cattura degli antigeni microbici, coordinando la risposta immunitaria, comprese le cellule del ciuffo, le cellule M e persino i linfociti intraepiteliali. Le cellule di Paneth agiscono in modo prominente attraverso il rilascio di composti antimicrobici. Gli enterociti e le cellule del globo svolgono un ruolo chiave nel mantenimento della barriera intestinale, mentre le cellule enteroendocrine producono alcuni prodotti essenziali per il metabolismo e la salute dell'individuo.
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Source García-Montero, Cielo (2021-02-22). "Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease". Nutrients 13 (2): 699. MDPI AG. DOI:10.3390/nu13020699. PMID 33671569. PMC: 7927055. ISSN 2072-6643.
Author

1Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

2Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain.

3Department of General Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Hospital, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

4Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain.

5University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain.

6Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (CIBEREHD), Department of System Biology, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

7Service of Pediatric, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares,28806 Madrid, Spain.

8Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

9Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

10Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain.

11Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

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current10:22, 16 May 2021Thumbnail for version as of 10:22, 16 May 2021709 × 1,246 (298 KB)OppidumNissenae (talk | contribs)Uploaded a work by 1Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain. 2Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain. 3Department of General Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Hospital, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain. 4Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain. 5Universi...

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