Category:Phonola (player piano)

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See also Wikipedia article: en:Ludwig Hupfeld and de:Ludwig Hupfeld AG.
See also categories: Hupfeld DEA (reproducing piano) and Player pianos – for player pianos by other manufacturers.

Further reading

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  • The Reproducing Piano - Hupfeld DEA. The Pianola Institute (pianola.org).
    "​ This page is still in preparation, but may nevertheless be of interest in its incomplete state. ",
    "[image 2] The Phonola, invented by Robert Frömsdorf - Leipzig, Germany, 1902 onwards. ",
    "​ Hupfeld had introduced its Phonola, a foot-pedalled piano player with a range of 72 notes, in the autumn of 1902 at the Leipzig Michaelmas Fair, and this innovative instrument included separate bass and treble sections, split between F and F# above middle C. The division of the mechanism in this way allowed melodic lines to be highlighted much more effectively than on any existing instruments, and it is remarkable that Hupfeld failed to patent the idea, which subsequently became the accepted standard for the whole industry, though with the division transposed down by a semitone. ",
    "[image 3] Robert Frömsdorf (1859-1908), Inventor of the Phonola and the DEA. ",
    "​ The Phonola was essentially the invention of Robert Frömsdorf, a brilliant and self-taught pneumatic engineer, who was manager of the main Hupfeld factory in Leipzig, no doubt with a dedicated workforce under his command. Although the DEA was also developed under Frömsdorf's direction, and he can be seen operating the roll-marking machine in one or two of Hupfeld's recording session photographs, he nevertheless died in August 1908, within a year of the instrument's public launch, and at the rather early age of 48. "
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