File:Wonders of the Yellowstone region in the Rocky Mountains - being a description of its geysers, hot-springs, Grand Canon, waterfalls, lake, and surrounding scenery, explored in 1870-71 (1874) (14784773693).jpg

Identifier: wondersofyellows1874rich (find matches)
Title: Wonders of the Yellowstone region in the Rocky Mountains : being a description of its geysers, hot-springs, Grand Canon, waterfalls, lake, and surrounding scenery, explored in 1870-71
Year: 1874 (1870s)
Authors: Richardson, James
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Publisher: London Glascow Edinburgh : Blackie & Son
Contributing Library: Harold B. Lee Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Brigham Young University

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gradually closed it-self over at the summit and perished. No waterflows from it at the present time. The layers oflime were deposited around the cap like the layersof straw on a thatched roof, or hay on a conicalstack. Not far from the Liberty Cap is a smallercone, called, from its form, the Bee-hive. Thesesprings are constantly changing their position; somedie out, others burst out in new places. On the HOT SPRINGS OF GARDINERS RIVER. 35 northwest margin of the main terrace are examplesof what have been called oblong mounds. There are sev-eral ofthem inthis re-gion, ex-tendingin differ-ent di-rections,from fif-ty to onehundredand fiftyyards inlength,feet high,and liom ten to fifteenfeet broad at the base.There is in all cases afissure from one end ofTHE LiBEETY CAP. tlic summit to tho other, usually from six to ten inches wide, from whichsteam sometimes issues in considerable quantities;and on walking along the top one can hear the waterseething and boiling below like a cauldron. The
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36 WONDERS OF THE YELLOWSTONE. inner portion of the shell, as far down as can beseen, is lined with a hard, white enamel-like porce-lain ; in some places beautiful crystals of sulphurhave been precipitated from the steam. Thesemounds have been built up by a kind of oblong fis-sure-spring in the same way that the cones havebeen constructed. The water, continually spoutingup, deposited sediment around the edges of the fis-sure until the force was exhausted, and then the cal-careous basin was rounded up something like athatched roof by overlapping layers. Near the upper terrace, which is really an oldrim, are a number of these extinct, oblong geysers,some of which have been broken down so as to showthem to be mere shells or caverns, now the abode ofwild animals. Dr. Hayden attempted to enter oneof them, and found it full of sticks and bones whichhad been carried in by wild beasts; and swarms ofbats flitted to and fro. Some of the mounds havebeen worn away so that sections are exposed, sh

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