File:Vegetative neurology; the anatomy, physiology, pharmaco-dynamics and pathology of the sympathetic and autonomic nervous systems (1919) (14770557274).jpg

Identifier: vegetativeneurol00higi (find matches)
Title: Vegetative neurology; the anatomy, physiology, pharmaco-dynamics and pathology of the sympathetic and autonomic nervous systems
Year: 1919 (1910s)
Authors: Higier, Henryk, b. 1866 Kraus, Walter Max, 1889-
Subjects: Nervous System
Publisher: New York and Washington : Nervous and mental disease publishing co.
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive

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nteric, the hypogastric andthe hemorrhoidal. The white rami communicantes all connect withthe spinal cord. The gray rami supply the uropoetic, genital andrectal organs. The comparative relations of the vegetative andsomatic tracts will be clarified by the following: 1. The former, as a rule non-medullated fibers, supply smoothmuscle and mucous membranes. (The hypogastric supplies thelongitudinal and circular muscles of the descending colon andbladder including the internal rectal and bladder sphincters, thecavernous plexus and the N. erigens supplies the genital vasomotornerves.) 2. The latter, as a rule medullated fibers, supply the cross-striatedmuscle and skin of the region with branches which are carried bythe spinal N. pudendus comimunis (M. sphincter internus recti, M.sphincter internus vesical or compressor urethrae, MM. peroneiprofundi). Vital staining with methylene blue shows multipolar sympatheticganglion cells in all the vegetative organs mentioned in this section. Plate 6
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Scheme of the Vegetative Innervation of the Male Genito-urinary System (Miller & Dahl.) i SPECIAL PATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL ASPECT 95 However, the significance of the mesenteric, hypogastric and coccyg-eal plexi is by no means understood. The production of involun-tary movements, quite independent of the voluntary movements ofcontraction and relaxation of the openers and closers of the organsconcerned, may be mainly due to the ganglion cells lying in thewall of the organs. Most of the reflexes in this region can be produced without theintervention of the central nervous system. There is a noteworthydifference, however, between the energetic reflex contractions of across-striated muscle and the slow contraction of smooth muscle. Table of Reflexes Reflex Stimulus Result Scrotum Repeated stroking or application Contraction of the tunica of cold to the perineum. dartos. Bladder Stretching or stimulation of the Contraction of the bladder bladder or posterior urethra. wall. Rectum Stretchi

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