File:The San Jose scale and its control (1910) (14774018775).jpg

Identifier: sanjosescaleitsc2124quai (find matches)
Title: The San Jose scale and its control
Year: 1910 (1910s)
Authors: Quaintance, A. L. (Altus Lacy), 1870-1958 United States. Dept. of Agriculture United States. Bureau of Entomology
Subjects: San Jose¿¿ scale Control San Jose¿¿ scale
Publisher: Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology
Contributing Library: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library
Digitizing Sponsor: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library

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by spraying. The character of injury to an apple orchard, in which the treeswere infested from outside sources four or five years earlier, is shownin figure 2. Although many of the limbs and branches are injuredor killed, such trees may be saved and brought into vigorous condi-tion by thorough pruning, and by insuring the control of the insectin the future. (Cir. 124) THE INSECT DESCRIBED. The mature San Jose scale is small, grayish in color, circular inoutline, somewhat convex, and with a nipplelike prominence in thecenter. The female scale is about 1 millimeter in diameter (about thesize of a pin head); the male scale is much smaller and elongate. (Seefig. 3.) The insect itself is beneath the so-called scale, this beingsimply a waxy covering secreted by the soft, helpless, yellow lousefor its own protection. Where trees and plants are but slightlyinfested its presence is not readily detected by the casual observer,but in the case of severe infestation the bark of the tree and limbs
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Fig. 2, Appearance of an apple orchard badly infested by the San Jose scale; many of the limbs andbranches killed. (Original.) will present an ash-gray appearance, and on closer examination will be found thoroughly incrusted with the scales, which, when scraped with a knife, will produce a yellowish, oily fluid. When the scales are abundant on the tree the foliage also will be thoroughly infested, giving it a spotted and diseased appearance readily observable some feet away. NATURAL HISTORY AND HABITS. The San Jose scale passes the winter in an immature conditionfixed to the bark of the host plant, the small, dark-gray or blackishscales being just discernible with the unaided eye. In early spring, (Cir. 1241 with the ascent of the trees sap, the growth of the scale begins,and early in April in the latitude of Washington the small two-winged, active males issue from the male scales. After mating with

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