File:The American Museum journal (c1900-(1918)) (17973035000).jpg

English:
"At the left is a steel helmet, such as are being worn by the soldiers of the French Republic; at the right a primitive type of gas mask from the equipment of a soldier who was wounded at Verdun..."

Title: The American Museum journal
Identifier: americanmuseumjo17amer (find matches)
Year: c1900-(1918) (c190s)
Authors: American Museum of Natural History
Subjects: Natural history
Publisher: New York : American Museum of Natural History
Contributing Library: American Museum of Natural History Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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Text Appearing Before Image:
AN EXHIBIT OF MILITARY HYGIENE 275 wounds. Typlioid fever in the i^ast was the worst scourge of the military canij). It killed 14 per 1,000 of the British soldiers in the Boer War, and 15 per 1,000 of our own sol- diers during the Spanish War. Of the Amer- ican soldiers in the Spanish War in 1898, 142 in 1,000 were sick with typhoid and 15 died, while only 14 in 1,000 were wounded in battle and 2 died. Today improved camp sanitation and above all antityphoid vac- Cross field work, particularly in the typhus infected districts in Serbia; supplies from the Manhattan Chapter of the American Eed Cross; the improved "trench stretcher," Avhich is so constructed that it can be sepa- rated into halves along the middle line, al- lowing the attendant to transfer the wounded man to a cot by slipping the stretcher out from under him at each side; the lungmotor, loaned by the Life Saving Devices Company,
Text Appearing After Image:
The exigencies of trench warfare call not only upon modern inventiveness in the preparation of safety appliances for the soldier, but also borrow from the war trappings of the past. At the left is a steel helmet, such as are being worn by the soldiers of the French Republic; at the right a primitive type of gas mask from the equipment of a soldier who was wounded at Verdun and died on the way back from the front in an ambulance of tlie American volunteer corps cination offer almost complete protection against this disease. Vaccination against typhoid was first introduced in the American army in 1909, and made compulsory in 1912. The result was a reduction in the typhoid rate from 3.2 per 1,000 in 1908 to .03 in 1913. When 10,759 troops were encamped at Jacksonville in )898, there were 1,729 cases of typhoid and 248 deaths, while among 20,000 troops encamped in a similar region during the Texas maneuvers of 1912, there were only two cases of typhoid and no deaths. The care of the wounded is demonstrated by a series of objects: models showing Eed and used to restore respiration in cases of gas poisoning or drowning; and a machine, run by a small electric motor, used as a suc- tion apparatus to dispose of excess amounts of blood and mucus during field operations. Of particular interest is the group of ob- jects illustrating the malady known as "trench foot," a gangrenous condition con- tracted by soldiers standing for days in wa- ter, as they frequently have to do in the trenches. It has been recently discovered in France that this disease is not the result of simple chill, but of invasion by molds, such as Pencillium r/laucum, which enter from damp and filthy socks, penetrate cracks in

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