File:Students' handbook to accompany Plants and their uses (1914) (14801129503).jpg

Identifier: studentshandbook00sarg (find matches)
Title: Students' handbook to accompany Plants and their uses
Year: 1914 (1910s)
Authors: Sargent, Frederick Leroy, 1863-1928
Subjects: Botany
Publisher: New York : Henry Holt
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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FIG. 31. Spanish moss, an epiphytic flowering plant These plants often grow in large numbers upon the branches of trees in thesouthern part of the United States. Photograph by B. Mackensen 4. Parasites, or plants which live upon other living plantsor animals (known as host plants or animals). 5. Carnivorous plants, or those which capture small animals,such as insects, and live wholly or partly upon them. 50 INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY Lianas, which were mentioned in the preceding section, gettheir living without receiving from other plants any benefitexcept that of position. The other groups (2-5) are discussedin the following sections. 50. Epiphytes. Unfortunately for students in temperateclimates, flowering epiphytes are mainly confined to the tropics.The Spanish moss (fig. 31) is one of the few exceptions. Avisit to any large greenhouse in which orchids are kept will,however, suffice to give a fair idea of the appearance of some
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.Fie. 32. Indian pipe (Monotropa unijloru), a symbiotic saprophyteThe plants are white from lack of chlorophyll of the most characteristic plants which live upon the trunksor branches of trees. Since these plants usually have little orno permanent water supply about their roots, they must beprovided with means of absorbing water rapidly during rains,and of retaining it between one rainfall and the next. TheSpanish moss, which is rootless, takes up water along thesin-face of the stems by the aid of special absorbent hairswhich grmv from the epidermis. This plant can become almostdried up without permanent injury. Other epiphytes, asorchids, have specialized water-absorbing tissues upon root,stem, or leaf surfaces, and from these tissues water escapesslowly in dry weather. £213 FOODS IN PLA UNIVERSITY HIGH SCHOOLLIBRARY ARBOR. MICHIC/&J 51. Saprophytes. In general, the seed plants which aresaprophytes occur only in the forest or under shrubs. It is insuch situations that plants fin

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