File:Structure of a highly resilient breakwater.jpg

English: "Structural Measures Against Tsunamis" (Prepared by Mikio Ishiwatari, Junko Sagara), in: Federica Ranghieri, Mikio Ishiwatari (editors): Learning from Megadisasters - Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake, World Bank Publications, Washington, DC, 2014, ISBN (paper): 978-1-4648-0153-2, ISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-0154-9, DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0153-2, Chapter 1, pp. 25-32, here: p. 29, "Figure 1.5 Structure of a highly resilient breakwater" (Source: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism = MLIT). License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. Description from the mentioned source: "Conventional structural measures such as dikes and breakwaters protect human lives and property, and stabilize local economic activities, in the face of level 1 tsunamis. To withstand level 2 tsunamis, however, coastal structures must be improved to be more resistant to collapse and to reduce the likelihood of their complete destruction through scouring (figure 1.5)."