File:Spray Bars to Help Test Engine Icing.jpg
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Summary[edit]
DescriptionSpray Bars to Help Test Engine Icing.jpg |
English: Ron Colantonio (left), manager of the Atmospheric Environment Safety Technologies Project at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, discussed with NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden the latest testing and research on airplane engine icing during the administrator's February 2012 visit to the center. Colantonio showed Bolden how a large horizontal array of spray bars, such as those pictured, would emit a cloud of ice crystals in high-altitude, low pressure conditions that match those an airliner might experience in flight.
NASA scientists are mounting a research campaign using flight and ground tests to solve this aviation mystery, in which ice crystals associated with warm-weather storms can be ingested into the core of a hot jet engine, melt and then re-freeze. As larger amounts of ice build up, some of the ice can break off and cause damage inside the engine, or melt and cause the engine to lose power or shut down altogether in a flameout. Part of the research effort involves using the spray bars to simulate the icing conditions in engines on the ground at the Propulsion Systems Laboratory at Glenn. Eventually, a full-scale engine will be mounted opposite the bar array. |
Date | |
Source | http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_2186.html |
Author | NASA/Marvin Smith |
Licensing[edit]
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
This file is in the public domain in the United States because it was solely created by NASA. NASA copyright policy states that "NASA material is not protected by copyright unless noted". (See Template:PD-USGov, NASA copyright policy page or JPL Image Use Policy.) | ||
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Annotations InfoField | This image is annotated: View the annotations at Commons |
Ron Colantonio(manager)
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current | 03:56, 1 March 2012 | 4,936 × 3,296 (8.98 MB) | Salamander724 (talk | contribs) |
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Metadata
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Image title |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
Camera model | NIKON D3X |
Author | NASA photo by Marvin Smith |
Exposure time | 1/50 sec (0.02) |
F-number | f/4 |
ISO speed rating | 640 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:24, 21 February 2012 |
Lens focal length | 16 mm |
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Bits per component |
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Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 550 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 550 dpi |
Data arrangement | chunky format |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS5 Macintosh |
File change date and time | 09:30, 24 February 2012 |
Exposure Program | Manual |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:24, 21 February 2012 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.643856 |
APEX aperture | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Spot |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash fired, strobe return light detected, compulsory flash firing |
DateTime subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 16 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Serial number of camera | 5013268 |
Lens used | 16.0-35.0 mm f/4.0 |
Rating (out of 5) | 1 |
Date metadata was last modified | 04:30, 24 February 2012 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:5F6C76194C266811AB0881A20943217B |
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