File:Silicified fossil rugose coral with beekite rings 9 (15018481237).jpg

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Silicified fossil rugose coral with beekite rings.

Unrecorded locality, but possibly from Ohio, USA.

Unknown age, but probably Devonian.

Classification: Animalia, Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Rugosa


Replacement is a fossil preservation style involving the crystal structure and the mineral of an organism's hard parts being changed.

The most common replacement mineral is quartz (silica) (SiO2) - fossils that have been replaced by quartz are said to be silicified (silicification). Many silicified fossils have rounded to pustulose structures covering their surfaces. These are called beekite rings, but they're composed of ordinary quartz.

Other common replacment materials include the mineral pyrite (FeS2 - iron sulfide) and calcium phosphate. These replacement styles are called pyritization and phosphatization.

Numerous other minerals have been found replacing minerals - many of them are quite rare. Reported fossil replacement minerals include: anglesite, apatite, barite, calamine, calcite, cassiterite, celestite, cerargyrite, cerussite, chalcocite, cinnabar, copper, dolomite, fluorite, galena, garnet, glauconite, gumbelite, gypsum, hematite, kaolinite, limonite, magnesite, malachite, marcasite, margarite, opal, pyrite, romanechite/psilomelane, siderite, silica/quartz, silver, smithsonite, specular hematite, sphalerite, sulfur, uranium minerals, and vivianite.

(List mostly from info. in Hartzell, 1906 and Klein & Hurlbut, 1985)


See info. at:

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugosa" rel="nofollow">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugosa</a>
Date
Source Silicified fossil rugose coral with beekite rings 9
Author James St. John

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/15018481237 (archive). It was reviewed on 5 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

5 December 2019

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current03:27, 5 December 2019Thumbnail for version as of 03:27, 5 December 20191,824 × 1,737 (3.89 MB)Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs)Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons

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