File:Rhesus klotho is biologically active and increases serum KL levels in aged rhesus macaques.webp

English: "a, Paradigm of hippocampal LTP recordings from young male mice treated with either vehicle (Veh) or rhesus KL (10 μg kg−1, s.c.). b, Field excitatory post-synaptic potential (fEPSP) recordings from acute hippocampal slices of mice (age 3 months) (n = 8 biologically independent slices from three mice for Veh; ten biologically independent slices from three mice for rhesus KL). c, Average fEPSP slope of the last 10 min of recordings from slices of mice (same as b). ***P < 0.0001 (two-tailed Student’s t-test); if biological unit is mouse, **P = 0.0039 (two-tailed Student’s t-test). d, Paradigm for testing male mice (age 4 months) in the small Y maze following treatment with Veh or rhesus KL (10 μg kg−1, s.c.). e, Percent alternations of mice (n = 28 mice, Veh; n = 29 mice, KL). Two independent cohorts combined. *P = 0.0243 (two-tailed Student’s t-test; *P = 0.0249 KL effect, accounting for cohort by linear regression two-tailed t-test). f, Paradigm for measuring serum KL levels in young male mice (age 4 months) 4 h following treatment with Veh or mouse KL (10 μg kg−1, s.c.). g, Relative KL serum levels from nontransgenic (NTG) and KL transgenic overexpressing (KL TG) mice alongside serum from young mice (age 4 months) 4 h following treatment with Veh or mouse KL (10 μg kg−1, s.c.) (n = 5 mice in each group of NTG, Veh, KL; n = 7 mice, KL TG). **P < 0.0001 versus NTG (two-tailed t-test), ***P = 0.0036 versus Veh (two-tailed t-test). h, Paradigm for measuring serum KL levels in aged rhesus macaques 4 h following treatment with Veh or varying doses of rhesus KL. i, Relative KL serum levels of aged rhesus macaques at baseline and following varying doses of KL (baseline, n = 19 monkeys; n = 14 female, n = 5 male; KL dosing, n = 3 monkeys in each group at 0.4 and 2 μg kg−1; n = 4 monkeys in each group at 20 and 30 μg kg−1; n = 5 monkeys at 10 μg kg−1; all female except one male at 10 μg kg−1). Values relative to baseline. *P = 0.0479 (KL 20 μg kg−1) and *P = 0.0508 (KL 30 μg kg−1) (one-tailed, one-sample t-tests versus KL 10 μg kg−1); **P = 0.0046 and ***P < 0.0001 versus baseline (two-tailed, Bonferroni-corrected). Data are represented as mean ± s.e.m. Source data"