File:Pillars of empire, studies and impressions; (1918) (14577907798).jpg

Identifier: pillarsofempires00courrich (find matches)
Title: Pillars of empire, studies & impressions;
Year: 1918 (1910s)
Authors: Courtney, W. L. (William Leonard), 1850-1928 Courtney, Janet Elizabeth Hogarth, 1865-
Subjects: Statesmen -- Great Britain Imperialism Great Britain -- Biography Great Britain -- Politics and government 19th century
Publisher: London, Jarrolds
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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rst Australiancolony to pass Factory Acts and to estabhsh WagesBoards. In all such social legislation Deakin wasprominent. It was, therefore, thought that he woulddeal successfully with the difficult situation createdin 1903 by the preponderating influence of Labourin the Commonwealth Parliament. But he was un-able to placate the Labour Party, and his first Ministrywas short-lived. In 1904 he gave way to Sir George Reid, but cameback into office in 1905. During his second premier-ship he fixed a Federal tariff. With a short breakin 1908, during which the Labour Party were in office,Mr. Deakin, associated later with Mr. Joseph Cook,an ex-coalminer, was at the head of the Governmentuntil 1910. He had to deal with the question ofAustralian defence, and in 1909 succeeded in gettinga m.easure accepted for the building of an Australianfleet unit. He also passed an Act enforcing militarytraining upon all able-bodied citizens. In this he hadthe support of the Labour Party, who approved of his
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;.^^»--? COMMONWEALTH PREMIERS 213 invitation to Lord Kitchener to come out and reporton the whole question of AustraUan defence Thusit is largely due to him and to his successor, Mr. Fisher,that Great Britains need in 1914 found not only aready response in Australia but a trained and dis-ciplined force. Only a nation under arms could havesent, as Australia sent, seventy-six thousand men tothe seat of war within a year of its outbreak. Sincehe went out of office Mr. Deakin has lived in retirement. John Christian Watson (1867- ).Andrew Fisher (1862- ). The two first leaders of the AustraUan Labour Partyare typical AustraUan politicians. Both are genuinemembers of the class they represent. Both are ofScottish parentage. Andrew Fisher was born in Scot-land and brought up a Scottish coalminer. He emi-grated to Australia in 1885. J. C. Watson wasborn in 1867, actually on an emigrant ship which wasconveying his parents to the colony. He had noeducational advantages, but contrived to teach

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