File:Physiology and biochemistry in modern medicine (1918) (14777934441).jpg

Identifier: physiologybioche00macl (find matches)
Title: Physiology and biochemistry in modern medicine
Year: 1918 (1910s)
Authors: Macleod, John James Rickard, 1876-1935 Pearce, R. G. (Roy Gentry), 1884-
Subjects: Physiology Biochemistry
Publisher: St. Louis : Mosby
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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e used only for detecting solu-tions that are hypertonic, for with those that are hypotonic the cellsmerely become turgid and exert more pressure on the more or lessrigid cell wall. Many of the conclusions that have been drawn from LAWS OF SOLUTION !) results obtained by the plasmolytic method have recently been called inquestion, because no regard 1ms been taken of the power of the colloidsof the eelJ to adsorb (imbibe) water (see page G2). The methods of hemolysis and plasmolysis have been used for theinvestigation of many problems in medicine. In the case of certaintoxic fluids, such as snake venom, tetanus toxin, etc., determination ofthe hemolytic power has proved of value in roughly assaying the dam-aging influence on other cells than blood corpuscles. Studies in hemol-ysis have also been especially valuable in working out the mechanismby which cellular toxins in general develop their action, and the conditionsunder which this action may be counteracted, as by the development of
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Fig. 3.—-To show plasmolysis in cells from Tradescantia discolor. A. normal cell; B,plasmolysis in 0.22 M. cane sugar; C, pronounced plasmolysis in 1.0 M. KN03; h, the cellwall; p, the protoplasm. (After De Vries.) antibodies. Furthermore, any solution that is to be injected into theanimal body, either intravenously or subcutaneously, should first of allbe tested by the above methods in order to find out whether it is isotonicwith the body fluids. If a hypertonic solution is injected, it will resultin the abstraction of water from the tissue cells, whereas a hypotonicsolution will cause the water content of these to increase. Advantagehas recently been taken of this water-abstracting effect of hypertonicsolutions in the treatment of wounds. By constantly bathing them withstrong saline solutions, an outflow of water is set up from the tissuecells that border on the wound, and this tends to bring to the focus ofinfection the defensive substances that are present in animal fluids. CHAP

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