File:Parks and park engineering (1916) (14783937325).jpg

Identifier: parksparkenginee00lyleuoft (find matches)
Title: Parks and park engineering
Year: 1916 (1910s)
Authors: Lyle, William Thomas, 1875-1933
Subjects: Parks Civil engineering
Publisher: New York, John Wiley & Sons, inc. (etc., etc.)
Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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ow process for cast ironpipe but not very difficult with the smaller wrought ironsizes. All defective pipe should be removed and no pluggingof holes should be permitted. Water hammer is very likely to occur when new pipesare filled with water. To avoid this open up a few lawnhydrants, especially at the lower parts of the system. PATHS The excavation for path foundations should be properlyformed and of full depth over the entire cross-section. Thesubgrade is then rolled and filled in with cinders to the properdepth. These cinders should be of the gas-works quality,sharp and clean. Ashes will not do. The cinders are thenwetted by means of a sprinkling cart and thoroughly rolled.On the cinders is placed the pavement proper whether ofgravel, cement, asphalt or brick. Cement, brick and asphalt pavements are laid between2-inch by 4-inch scantlings to hold them in position. Thesescantlings are held in place by means of stakes. As parkwalks are usually curved, the scantlings must be curved to
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THE MACADAM PAVEMENT 115 fit the plan. This curving is best done in the field by theaid of the eye alone. By the exercise of due care in aligningand leveling the scantlings, high-grade work can be secured. The practice of using round field stone for gravel pathfoundations is not to be commended, as the stone worksup to the surface. Gravel paths should be thoroughlywetted and rolled before being opened to the public. Cement paths should not be laid in freezing weather un-less the work is carefully protected over night by straw.If the mortar freezes it will have to be removed. Thesurface coat, usually 1 inch in thickness, should follow the3-inch foundation layer of concrete before the latter hashad time to dry out. A heavy rain falling on a freshlylaid cement walk washes out the cement and leaves thesurface in a pitted and porous condition requiring removal. DRIVES The Macadam Pavement. The first thing to be donein the construction work is to excavate to subgrade. Thesubgrade should be

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