File:Natural history of the animal kingdom for the use of young people - in three parts, comprising I. Mammalia - II. Birds - Part III. Reptiles, amphibia, fishes, insects, worms, molluscs, zoophytes, &c. (14772153133).jpg

Identifier: naturalhistoryof00kirb (find matches)
Title: Natural history of the animal kingdom for the use of young people : in three parts, comprising I. Mammalia : II. Birds : Part III. Reptiles, amphibia, fishes, insects, worms, molluscs, zoophytes, &c. : with 91 coloured plates, including about 850 figures, and numerous additional illustrations in the text
Year: 1889 (1880s)
Authors: Kirby, W. F. (William Forsell), 1844-1912 Schubert, Gotthilf Heinrich von, 1780-1860 Mearns, Edgar Alexander, 1856-1916, former owner. DSI Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (Great Britain). Committee of General Literature and Education
Subjects: Zoology Animals
Publisher: London Brighton : Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge New York : E. & J.B. Young and Co.
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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first in the foyn of simple groups of cells, andnot always in the same place. Many develop a chalkyor horny skeleton, and others remain soft. In manyspecies the substance of the body resembles jelly. 60 and is extremely impcivious to waterspecies form stems of amore or less constant formby budding and branching,which are fixed to the grotindor to rocks. Others formsingle individuals, and arethen in most cases capableof free motion. In additionto increase by budding, wemeet with sexual repro-duction , in which the eggdevelops a microscopic larva,which swims freely aboutwith the aid of cilia, andtakes some time to developinto the mature animal.Alternation of generations isoften met with, which com-bines the formation of stemswith the alternation of sexualand asexual reproductionThis makes the life-historyof many Caiciitcmta verycomplicated. Sponges areused in our household eco-nomy ; but of far greaterimportance in Nature arcsome of the corals, whichbuild up whole mountainsand islands.
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Urticaling Capsule. 1) Thread rolled up; 2) ditto, half unfoldtd; 3) ditto, fully unrolled. (Highly magrified.) The Caiciitcrata are divided into four classes,the first three of which are remarkable for the pos-session of urticating organs. These are micr( scopicweapons consisting of an oval capsule filled withlluiel, containing a hollow spiral thread. The leasttouch bursts the capsule; when the thread darts out,unwinds, and fixes itself with the hairs and bristleswhich invest it, in the skin of the victim. The venomwith which it is armed causes violent inflamma-tion, powerful enough to cripple small animals, andthe more they struggle, the more poisoned arrowspierce them. The number of these microscopicweapons is enormous, for a single tentacle of Autlicacorns has been estimated to contain 43 millions. All these animals arc marine , with a few un-important exceptions; and they are divided as follows: Class I. Ctenophora.Class II. Polypomedusae. Order I. AcalLpha. II. Siplionophoia.111

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