File:Introduction to botany (1914) (20537613389).jpg

Title: Introduction to botany
Identifier: cu31924000467724 (find matches)
Year: 1914 (1910s)
Authors: Bergen, Joseph Y. (Joseph Young), 1851-1917; Caldwell, Otis William, 1869- joint author
Subjects: Botany
Publisher: Boston, New York, (etc. ) Ginn and company
Contributing Library: Cornell University Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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74 INTEODUCTION TO BOTANY narrow at tlie base and wider at the tip, as in the evening prim- rose, so that nearly all the space between the leaves is filled in. During which year of the life of a biennial is its principal work photosynthetic? During which year is it reproductive? Why are beets, carrots, parsnips, and salsify used as food at the end of the first season's growth ? 72. Leaf mosaics. Any combi- nation of leaves (whether found in rosette plants or on longer stems) in which the space is very fully occupied, with few spaces between the leaves, is called a leaf mosaic. Walls covered with Japanese ivy furnish beautiful examples of leaf mosaics on a large scale, and many of our common house plants illustrate the same phenomenon. In any leaf mosaic many of the leaves occupy a very different posi- tion from that which they would have taken if borne on a vertical stem. 73. Climbing into the light. Many plants, of very diverse families, secure a better expo- sure of the leaves to light by climbing. The prmcipal types of climbing plants are four in number: scramblers, like the common climbing roses; root climbers, like the poison ivy (fig. r)6) and the English ivy (fig. 40); twiners, like the morniug-gloiy; and tciulril climbers, like the grapevine. The only way ui which one can get a thorough knowledge of the behavior of climbers is to watch them throughout as much as possible of the growing season.
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Pig. 57. The wild frost grape, a typical tendril climber This vine is climhing on an American elm. The height iqi to the branch I is about 60 feet, and the average cir- cumference of the main vine, 3 feet. Redrawn and simplified from a pho- tograph by Robert Ridgway

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