File:Image from page 54 of "Practical methods of organic chemistry" (1901) (14584988638).jpg

Identifier: practicalmethods00gatt Title: Practical methods of organic chemistry Year: 1901 (1900s) Authors: Gattemann, Ludwig. [from old catalog] Subjects: Publisher: [n.p.] Contributing Library: The Library of Congress Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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Text Appearing Before Image: Fig. 27. DISTILLATION 35 The apparatus best adapted to distilling off any desired quan-tity of ether is represented in Fig. 29. A fractionating flask,into the neck of which a dropping-funnel is inserted, is con-nected with an ordinary condenser or an upright coil condenser.During the heating by means of hot water, or in special cases,the water-bath may be heated with a flame, or the flask may beheated directly by a flame protected by a safety gauze, the etherealsolution is allowed to flow gradually from the dropping-funnel intothe flask in the bottom of which are a few scraps of platinum.

Text Appearing After Image: Fig. 28. If the flow of the solution is regulated so that the same quantityof liquid is added as that distilled, the operation may be carriedon continuously for hours. The quantity of ether collected in thereceiver is prevented from becoming too large, by pouring it into alarger vessel from time to time. To protect the ether from igni-tion, the mouth of the receiver is closed by a loose plug of cotton,or the receiver, united to the condensing tube by a cork, is con-nected with the hood by rubber tubing. Besides its convenientmanipulation, this method possesses the further advantage thatafter the completion of the distillation the dropping-funnel maybe replaced by a thermometer, and the residue can be distilleddirectly from the fractionating flask. This is an especially eco- 36 GENERAL PART nomical procedure when the quantity of the dissolved substanceis small. In a case of this kind the size of the flask is selectedwith reference to the residue that may be expected. In distillingoff a

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