File:Image from page 53 of "Practical methods of organic chemistry" (1901) (14791493843).jpg

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Identifier: practicalmethods00gatt Title: Practical methods of organic chemistry Year: 1901 (1900s) Authors: Gattemann, Ludwig. [from old catalog] Subjects: Publisher: [n.p.] Contributing Library: The Library of Congress Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress


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Text Appearing Before Image: ttom of the flaskis suspended from the neck and the flask is shaken frequentlyduring the distillation (Fig. 28). The entire quantity of the liquidis not placed in the flask at once, but only a portion : after thesolvent has been distilled off from this, an-other portion is added, and so on. By the use of the so-called safety water-bath, i.e. one in which the flame is sur-rounded by a wire gauze as in Davys SafetyLamp, ether and ligroin can be distilled bycontinuous heating with a flame. It is notsafe to distil off carbon disulphide even fromthis apparatus, since, when it becomes suffi-ciently hot, it will ignite spontaneously with-out the intervention of a flame. By the use of a coil condenser (Fig.27) the distillation of solvents is greatlyfacilitated. The free flame, if it be sur-rounded by a cylinder of wire gauze, maybe employed in place of a water-bath.A piece of rubber tubing attached to theside tube of the receiver carries the vapours to a hood or belowthe surface of the table.

Text Appearing After Image: Fig. 27. DISTILLATION 35 The apparatus best adapted to distilling off any desired quan-tity of ether is represented in Fig. 29. A fractionating flask,into the neck of which a dropping-funnel is inserted, is con-nected with an ordinary condenser or an upright coil condenser.During the heating by means of hot water, or in special cases,the water-bath may be heated with a flame, or the flask may beheated directly by a flame protected by a safety gauze, the etherealsolution is allowed to flow gradually from the dropping-funnel intothe flask in the bottom of which are a few scraps of platinum.


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