File:Image from page 47 of "Practical methods of organic chemistry" (1901) (14585150597).jpg

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Identifier: practicalmethods00gatt Title: Practical methods of organic chemistry Year: 1901 (1900s) Authors: Gattemann, Ludwig. [from old catalog] Subjects: Publisher: [n.p.] Contributing Library: The Library of Congress Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress


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Text Appearing Before Image: f the condenser tube c. The receiver shown in Fig. 23 is also very convenient for frac-tional distillation in a vacuum. By grasping the cork a and thetube c firmly with the fingers and turning, the different portionsof the receiver may be brought under the condensing tube. Construction of a Vacuum Apparatus. — In vacuum distillationsthe evolution of bubbles of vapour occurs to a much greaterextent than under ordinary conditions. In order to prevent theliquid from foaming up and passing over, a flask of such a size isselected, that when it contains the liquid it must in no case bemore than half full; it is better to have it but one-third full. Theindividual parts of the apparatus are connected by rubber stoppers.Ordinary corks may also be used with almost equally good results,but only those are selected which are as free as possible from 28 GENERAL PART pores; they are pressed in a cork-press, and then very carefullybored. If, after the apparatus is put together, the corks are coated

Text Appearing After Image: Fig. 21. with a thin layer of collodion, there is no difficulty in obtaining avacuum. The thermometer and capillary tube may be arranged as shown in Fig. 19. It is alsoa very excellent arrangementto use a two-hole cork, thethermometer passing throughone, and the capillary tubethrough the other, as in Fig.21. The capillary tube ismade by drawing out a glasstube of 1-2 mm. diameter;the narrow hole in the corkthrough which this passes ismade conveniently by a hotknitting-needle. Instead ofusing a capillary tube toprevent bumping, other


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Source Image from page 47 of "Practical methods of organic chemistry" (1901)
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