File:Figurehead Alexander von Humboldt II (7871797904).jpg
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Summary[edit]
DescriptionFigurehead Alexander von Humboldt II (7871797904).jpg |
A figurehead is a carved wooden decoration found at the prow of ships largely made between the 16th and 19th century. Although earlier ships had often had some form of bow ornamentation (e.g. the Viking ships of ca. A.D. 800–1100), the general practice was introduced with the galleons of the 16th century, as the figurehead as such could not come to be until ships had an actual head structure on which to place it.The menacing appearance of toothy and bug-eyed figureheads on Viking ships also had the protective function of warding off evil spirits. As with the stern ornamentation, the purpose of the figurehead was often to indicate the name of the ship in a non-literate society (albeit in a sometimes very convoluted manner); and always, in the case of naval ships, to demonstrate the wealth and might of the owner. At the height of the Baroque period, some ships of the line boasted gigantic figureheads, weighing several tons and sometimes twinned on both sides of the bowsprit. A large figurehead, being carved from massive wood and perched on the very foremost tip of the hull, adversely affected the sailing qualities of the ship. This, and cost considerations, led to figureheads being made dramatically smaller during the 18th century, and in some cases they were abolished altogether around 1800. After the Napoleonic wars they made something of a comeback, but were then often in the form of a small waist-up bust rather than the oversized full figures previously used. The clipper ships of the 1850s and 1860s customarily had full figureheads, but these were relatively small and light. |
Date | |
Source | Figurehead: Alexander von Humboldt II |
Author | William Murphy from Dublin, Ireland |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by infomatique at https://flickr.com/photos/80824546@N00/7871797904. It was reviewed on 17 May 2021 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
17 May 2021
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current | 18:19, 17 May 2021 | 4,592 × 2,576 (1.47 MB) | Flickr refugee (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | SONY |
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Camera model | NEX-VG10E |
Author | William Murphy |
Copyright holder |
|
Exposure time | 1/100 sec (0.01) |
F-number | f/6.3 |
ISO speed rating | 200 |
Date and time of data generation | 13:52, 25 August 2012 |
Lens focal length | 19 mm |
Label | Green |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 4.1 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 12:44, 27 August 2012 |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:52, 25 August 2012 |
APEX shutter speed | 6.643856 |
APEX aperture | 5.310704 |
APEX brightness | 6.5 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 28 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Lens used | E 18-200mm F3.5-6.3 OSS |
Date metadata was last modified | 13:44, 27 August 2012 |
Unique ID of original document | B24259E25C2DF7DF6F444EA3CD3DEEB4 |
Copyright status | Copyrighted |
Keywords | Infomatique |
Contact information | williamm@infomatique.org
www.streetsofdublin.com 29 Bolton Court, Bolton Street Dublin, , Dublin 1 Ireland |
IIM version | 4 |