File:EWAS of age in three different age groups.webp

English: "For each species, the age groups were defined with respect to the average ASM obtained from the Animal Aging and Longevity Database (AnAge) (de Magalhaes et al.86). We defined the three age groups using intervals defined by multiples of ASM: young age is defined as age <1.5 × ASM, middle age is defined as age between 1.5ASM and 3.5ASM, and old age is defined by age ≥3.5ASM. Each axis reports a Z score from the meta-analysis EWAS of age across all mammalian species and tissues. Each dot corresponds to a CpG site. Labels are provided for the top ten hypermethylated or hypomethylated CpG sites according to the product of Z scores in x and y axes. CpG sites that are located in LHFPL4 and LHFPL3 are colored in purple. The Pearson correlation coefficient and corresponding nominal (unadjusted) two-sided correlation test P value can be found in the title. a, EWAS of age in young animals versus EWAS in middle-aged animals. b, EWAS of age in middle-aged animals versus EWAS in old animals. c, EWAS of age in young animals versus EWAS of age in old animals. The high pairwise correlations indicate that conserved aging effects in mammals are largely preserved in different age groups. Many of the top CpG sites for conserved aging effects in young mammals remain the top CpG sites for conserved aging effects in old mammals. Specifically, we analyzed the mean methylation levels in eutherians across the three age groups. d, Mean methylation (y axis) across the top 1,000 CpG sites positively correlated with age according to the EWAS across all mammalian tissue types (Fig. 4a). The x axis denotes the distance to the closest TSS in a log10 scale of bp. The positive TSS indicates the direction from 5′ to 3′, and the negative TSS indicates from the direction from 3′ to 5′. The horizontal phase is categorized into three regions: distal upstream → promoter → gene bodies. The mean methylation levels are bounded by 0.2, reflecting that fact that CpG sites beginning with lower methylation levels have higher propensity to increase with age."