File:Cyperus esculentus (Museu Valencià d'Etnologia).jpg

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Cultivation of Chufa sedge

Summary[edit]

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Description
Català: Cultiu de la Xufa. Imatge del Museu Valencià d'Etnologia (Andrés Marín Jarque) representant el procés de creixement del tubercle.

Cultiu de la xufa: La sembra

Entre el final de març i el mes de maig es fa la sembra de la xufa. Abans, se sembrava en muntonets a fi que les mates isqueren agrupades, ja que després calia nugar-les entre elles per a arrancar-les. Amb un llegonet es feia un clotet en el cavalló, s’hi depositava un grapat de xufes i es tapava. La sembra es feia sobre el camp allisat, on després es feien els solcs.

Quan començaren a utilitzar-se les màquines de collir d’accionament manual i les plantes seques es cremaven, es va passar a sembrar directament en cavallons.

Actualment s’empren sembradores mecàniques accionades per un motocultor.

El cultiu

Mentre el xufar creix, el llaurador ha d’arrancar les males herbes, en especial quan les plantes son menudes. Esta operació rep el nom de birbar i es fa amb les mans, amb una aixadeta, amb l’entauladora de ganxos o amb una birbadora composta de dues posts de fusta que a la part de baix porten claus i que van articulades perquè s’adapten a l'espai que hi ha entre cavallons.

Els xufars necessiten molta aigua i al llarg del seu cicle es reguen al voltant de quinzevegades. Generalment es fa un regó al mes en primavera i totes les setmanes a l’estiu.

La collita

Entre novembre i gener es cullen les xufes. Antigament, les plantes es lligaven en manolls i s’arrancaven. Després, la part de les arrels —a on estan les xufes— es posava damunt d’un garbell gran i, refregant-les amb una maça de fusta, se soltaven i se’n desprenia la terra.

Les plantes seques –la palla– s’emprava per als animals, però quan la quantitat d’estos amainà per la mecanització de l’agricultura i es varen introduir les màquines de collir, es va optar per cremar-la. La màquina de collir és un garbell cilíndric, accionat per una maneta, que es desplaça amb rodes: per un extrem s’introdueixen les xufes amb arrels i terra i per l’altra ixen netes.
English: Chufa sedge — cyperus esculentus — cultivation. Image Valencian Museum of Ethnology (Andrés Marín Jarque)

This infographic representing a cut of the tuber growth process of Chufa sedge. Frames 1-6 for the left to right, top to down:

attention to the growth of groundnuts in the soil.

1 - Between the end of March and May

  • are planted in piles so that the plants leave grouped.
  • handful of groundnuts was deposited and covered her.

2to4 - Between June and October

  • the chufa grows and develop.

5to6 - Between November and January

  • the fully developed plants were tied in bundles and posteriorly torn.
Date
Source Cyperus esculentus
Author Museu Valencià d'Etnologia from València, España

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Museu Valencià d'Etnologia. Dip. de València at https://flickr.com/photos/79027397@N04/26953380126. It was reviewed on 14 May 2016 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0.

14 May 2016

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