File:Central Europe (1903) (14594404209).jpg

Identifier: centraleurope00part (find matches)
Title: Central Europe
Year: 1903 (1900s)
Authors: Partsch, Josef Franz Maria, 1851-1925 Mackinder, Halford John, Sir, 1861-1947, ed Black, Clementina, tr
Subjects: Physical geography
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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contains a Physical Sketch of Central Europe, by A. Penck. In thisstandard work, also, the German Empire, the Netherlands, Belgium,and Luxemburg, are dealt with by Penck ; Austria and Hungary byA. Supan ; Roumania by Paul Lehmann ; and Servia, Bulgaria, andMontenegro by Theobald Fischer. In the description of SwitzerlandEgli was assisted by the geologist, A. Heim, and by Billwiller, theexpert upon climate. The most precise and trustworthy statistical information is givenannually by the Gothaische Genealogische Hofkalender. POSITION AND WORLD-RELATION 9 Good general maps of the countries of Central Europe are to be foundin the large atlases by Stieler (Gotha), Debes (Leipzig), and Kiepert(Berlin). Carl Vogels map of the German Empire, on the scale of 1 : 500000is a masterpiece of cartographic art. Upon it is founded RichardLepsiuss Geological Map of the German Empire, on the same scale.In both these maps the territories of neighbouring countries are drawnand coloured. 10 CENTRAL EUROPE
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CHAPTER II GENERAL OUTLINES OF THE PHYSICAL HISTORY Unity does not exclude division. The separation ofthe natural provinces of Central Europe arises fromthe course of evolution through which its surface haspassed. The first stages, indeed, are obscure. TheCarboniferous Age affords the earliest glimpse of a low-lying continent recently emerged from the sea (Fig. 2).The position of the marine strata in the coal-depositsof Carinthia, Upper Silesia, Westphalia, Belgium, andnorthern France shows how the coast-line of thisland — upon which the coal-plants grew — fluctuatedduring the period when the coal-measures of Bohemia,Saxony, Thuringia, the Saar, the Black Forest, and theWestern Alps were forming in its interior basins. Thiscontinent was the workshop in which great mountainswere fashioned. The crust of the earth shrank to-gether in folds of Alpine altitude. But the long courseof time once more destroyed these heights, and theirtrace can only be followed by means of the steeply-incl

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