File:Anthropology (1878) (14770373132).jpg

Identifier: Anthropology_829 (find matches)
Title: Anthropology
Year: 1878 (1870s)
Authors: Topinard, Paul
Subjects: Human beings Anthropology
Publisher: London, Chapman and Hall Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott and Co.

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passing from theposterior border of the occipital foramen to the inferior border ofthe orbit. The angle D 0 A, looking forwards, thus determinedwas 0 to 3 degrees in Man, 34 degrees in an orang-outang,47 degrees in a macauco, about 80 degrees in the dog, and 90 de-grees in the horse. But Daubenton has never mentioned how hemeasured this . angle; he appeared to be satisfied with a verydoubtful approximation, to judge by his drawings. This measure-ment, the first attempt at craniometry, necessarily engaged theattention of M. Broca. By means of his occipital goniometer, he 54 PHYSICAL CHAKACTEKS. (Chap. i. at once demonstrated that the prolonged plane of the occipitalforamen was elevated occasionally, in the white man, above the lineadopted by Daubenton, which gave an inverted or negative angle,which the latter had not foreseen. M. Broca was thus led to sub-stitute for the line of Daubenton another passing from the samepoint, the opisthion, to the root of the nose, and at a later period
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Fig. 6.—The anterior half represents the skull intact, in order to show the inferior borderof the orbit; the posterior half represents the skull open for the purpose of showingthe occipital foramen and its two median points, anterior and posterior. O, Opisthion,or posterior border of the occipital foramen, hidden by the centre of the dial of thegoniometer ; B, Basion ; D, Inferior border of the orbit, or anterior terminating pointof the line of Daubenton ; N, Nasal point preferred by M. Broca ;DDO D, Line ofDaubenton ; A B O A, Plane of occipital foramen prolonged both ways ; A 0 D, Oc-cipital angle of Daubenton ; A O C, Occipital angle of Broca ; A B E, Basilar angle ofBroca; K, Basilar groove ; L, Sella turcica; I, External occipital protuberance, orinion ; J, Internal occipital protuberance. to measure a second angle by transferring the apex of the first tothe basion. Now we have three angles relating to the occipital plane.A first, D 0 A, or occipital of Daubenton, has its apex

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