File:American malacological bulletin (1986) (18152657902).jpg

Title: American malacological bulletin
Identifier: americanmal4519861987amer (find matches)
Year: 1983 (1980s)
Authors: American Malacological Union
Subjects: Mollusks; Mollusks
Publisher: (Hattiesburg, Miss. ?) : (American Malacological Union)
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

View Book Page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book
Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image:
26 AMER. MALAC. BULL. 4(1) (1986) (1969) reported that of the seven pleurocerid gastropods formerly inhabiting the main Tennessee River, only Pleurocera canaliculatum (Say, 1821) was left, while the others are now found only as relic naiad populations in tributary streams. However, Isom et al. (1979) reported the rediscovery of Lithasia verrucosa (Rafinesque, 1820), Lithasia geniculata salebrosa (Conrad, 1834) and Pleurocera alvare (Conrad, 1834) below Wilson and Wheeler dams in northern Alabama. Prior to impoundment and channel modification, there was a shoal area, Pickle's Shoals, located below Pickle Island at Clinch River Mile (CRM) 15.5 (24.8 km). This shoal area was recorded as being 1,200 feet (363.6 m) in length with a rock substratum and a minimum low water depth of one foot (0.3 m) (Kingman, 1900). This shoal area corresponds to the location of 40RE108. The Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant (CRBRP) was to be the first demonstration plant in the nation's Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor program. The site chosen for its con- struction is situated on a peninsula formed by a meander of the Clinch River between Clinch River Mile 14.5 (23.2 km) and 18.6 (29.7 km), Roane County, Tennessee (Fig. 1). Although technically within the city limits of Oak Ridge, the site is located in the southwestern section on undeveloped property that is owned by the U.S. Government and in the custody of the Tennessee Valley Authority. Backers of this plant promoted its economic feasibility through the produc- tion of cheap and efficient energy by greater use of nuclear fuel in converting Uranium (U-238) to fissionable Plutonium (Pu-239). The 91st Congress approved initial funding of the project in 1972. Following a decade of delays, the project was stopped in 1983 when Congress denied the project further appropriations. METHODS AND MATERIALS In compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 requiring survey, testing and excavation of archaeological sites in areas to be affected by federally funded construction projects, a survey of the proposed CRBRP site was undertaken and a series of freshwater shell middens was located. The site (40RE108), situated on the right bank of the Clinch River between CRM 15 (24.0 km) and CRM 15.5 (24.8 km), is about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of Tennessee Highway 58 bridge, Roane County, Tennessee (Fig. 1). Archaeological investigations at the CRBRP site were directed by Dr. Gerald F. Schroedl (1973 a,b,c; 1974; 1975), Department of Anthropology, University of Ten- nessee, Knoxville; these began in areas designated as I and II (Fig. 2) on 12 October 1973 and were continued until January 1974. Additional testing was carried out in area III during December 1974. Material from the excavations was waterscreened and 40-liter samples of shell were taken from each of the 2 x 2 m excavation units. In units with less than 40 liters, all of the shell was saved (Schroedl, 1973c). Ap- proximately 500 liters of shell were returned to the Depart- ment of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, where all samples were carefully washed, identified, and rebagged. Most of the CRBRP shell was deposited in the Section of Zooarchaeology, Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee; a series of voucher specimens has been placed in the collections of the Department of Malacology, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. 1. Map showing location of the CRBRP site. The site was composed of three separate shell mid- dens that were eroding out of the river bank. Areas I and II were initially recorded by the Watts Bar Reservoir Archae- ological Survey in 1941 (Nash, n.d.), while Area III was discovered during river bank reconnaissance at the time of the 1973 testing and excavations (Schroedl, 1973c). Area I was almost completely excavated; two features within this area were completely excavated and all of the recovered molluscan remains were saved. Area II was extensively sampled with about 30 to 50% of the area excavated. The Mississippian shell lense was sampled with again about 30 to 50% of the area excavated. Since these three excavation areas were being eroded by the Clinch River, it was difficult to determine the original extent of the occupation of these areas.

Note About Images