File:Agate- & quartz-lined geode 5 (32375570960).jpg
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DescriptionAgate- & quartz-lined geode 5 (32375570960).jpg |
Agate and quartz lining a geode. (public display, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Ohio, USA) This is a cut slice from the interior of a geode. Geodes are small to large, subspherical to irregularly-shaped, crystal-lined cavities in rocks. They form when water enters a void in a host rock and precipitates crystals. The most common geode-lining mineral is quartz. This geode is bordered by brownish, yellowish, and grayish agate. "Agate" is a rockhound/collector term for irregularly concentric layers of microcrystalline, fibrous quartz (chalcedony - SiO2). Agate is quartz. The light gray, glassy & pale purplish material near the center is macrocrytalline quartz. Geode info. from the Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago, Illinois, USA): "Geodes are hollow, subspherical bodies, ranging from an inch or two to a foot or more in diameter. Most geodes occur in limestones, rarely in shales. They have an outer chalcedonic silica layer which is separated from the enclosing limestone matrix by a thin clay film. The inner surface of the chalcedonic layer is usually lined with inward projecting quartz crystals, though in many geodes drusy coatings of calcite and dolomite occur commonly. Of less common occurrence, are crystals of magnetite, pyrite, sphalerite, and a few other such minor and rarer constituents. The mode of origin of geodes in sedimentary rocks is but imperfectly understood. That geodes originate in an initial cavity, such as the unfilled space within a fossil, is well recognized, but whether such a cavity is a necessary prerequisite is open to question; geodes may originate in cavities formed by solution. Many geodes show evidence of expansion, apparently resulting from pressure. A notable example of this singular phenomenon of expansion of the growing geodes is the "exploding bomb" structure. " |
Date | |
Source | Agate- & quartz-lined geode 5 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/32375570960 (archive). It was reviewed on 10 October 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
10 October 2019
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current | 07:12, 10 October 2019 | 2,210 × 1,348 (497 KB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot A530 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/2.6 |
Date and time of data generation | 02:44, 30 January 2011 |
Lens focal length | 5.8 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS2 Macintosh |
File change date and time | 21:32, 30 October 2014 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 02:44, 30 January 2011 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 2.75 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.75 APEX (f/2.59) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression, red-eye reduction mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 11,520 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 11,571.428571429 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 2,210 px |
Image height | 1,348 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 17:32, 30 October 2014 |