File:A comprehensive dictionary of the Bible (1871) (14577156248).jpg

Identifier: comprehensivedic00smit (find matches)
Title: A comprehensive dictionary of the Bible
Year: 1871 (1870s)
Authors: Smith, William, 1813-1893 Barnum, Samuel W. (Samuel Weed), 1820-1891, ed
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Publisher: New York, London, D. Appleton and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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heseven hills, once known as the Campus MartinsI (Field of Mars), and on the opposite bank extending ROM ROM 939 over the low ground beneath the Vatican to the N.of the ancient Janiculum. Romulus, a fabled sonof Mars, and afterward worshipped as the godQuirinus, is reputed to have founded the city (b. c.753) on the summit of Mount Palatine, and to have the republic the supreme authority was committedto two consuls elected annually, at first exclusivelyfrom the patricians or Roman nobility. Tribunesof the people, whose duty it was to defend the op- been the first of its seven kings, the last of them,Tarquin the Proud, being dethroned b. c. 509. TheRoman republic, which succeeded the monarchy,lasted nearly 500 years, until the battle of Actium,after which it gave place to the Roman Empire. In pressed plebeians, and who could stop any law orabolish any decree of the senate by pronouncingthe word Veto (= I forbid), were first chosen b. c.493. After this, intermarriages between the differ-
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940 ROM ROM ent orders were legalized ; one consul (and still latertwo) might be elected from the plebeians ; and bythese and other changes, gradually introduced, thegovernment became practically democratic. Thelaws of the twelve tables, which were long preservedand acted upon, were arranged and ratified b. c. 451.By them nine crimes (including nightly meetings)were punishable by death. Rome was taken andburnt by the Gauls b. c. 390 ; but a dictator was ap-pointed as in other times of extreme danger, andthe Gauls were repelled. After many wars withneighboring nations, the Romans became mastersof all ancient Italy about B. c. 264. Then beganthe first Punic war (with Carthage, which was origi-nally a 1hcnician colony in Africa, near the modernTunis), at the end of which, B. c. 242, Sicily becamea Roman province. In the second Punic war, b. c.219-201, Hannibal led the Carthaginians, but hewas finally defeated by Scipio Africanus at Zama,in Africa, b. c. 202, and Spain was ceded to Koine.

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