File:Сліди життєдіяльності деревоточця - отвори у стовбурі дерева, прогризені личинкою, та труха на листях плюща.jpg
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DescriptionСліди життєдіяльності деревоточця - отвори у стовбурі дерева, прогризені личинкою, та труха на листях плюща.jpg |
Українська: Cerambycidae в місцях масового розмноження суттєво впливають на деревні насадження. Негативний вплив та непоправну шкоду наносять, наприклад, личинки роду Cerambyx. Наприклад, цикл розвитку великого дубового вусача (Cerambyx cerdo) в деревині складає 2-4 роки. Личинки спочатку проточують ходи в корі, де вони ростуть перший рік і залишаються зимувати (досягають 65-85 мм завдовжки і 13-18 мм завширшки). На другий рік переміщуються в заболонь та поверхневий шар деревини та зимують ще раз. Лише на третій рік, досягнувши довжини 70-90 мм, личинка прогризає глибокий і довгий (до 1 м) хід у деревині і в кінці його будує колиску для лялечки. В цей період личинка досягає в довжину майже 100 мм і ширини 18-20 мм. Стадія лялечки триває 5-6 тижнів. Імаго перезимовує у колисці. За цей час личинка прогризає значні за довжиною ходи в деревені, що часто призводить до суттєвого погіршення стану дерева, а при значному ураженні деревоточцями - до його загибелі. Наразі критична ситуація зі старими дубами, зокрема в Європі. Так, в Тімішоарі (Румунія), де зроблене це фото, в старовинному парку майже всі дуби (вік який 200-300 років) уражені дубовим вусачем. І єдине, що роблять для зменшення зараження дерев - спилюють під корень кількасотрічні дуби. Для вирішення проблеми потрібна співпраця науковців-зоологів, ботаніків та місцевої влади.
English: Cerambycidae in places of mass reproduction significantly affect tree plantations. A negative impact and irreparable damage are caused, for example, by the larvae of the genus Cerambyx. For example, the development cycle of a longhorn beetle (Cerambyx cerdo) in wood is 2-4 years. The larvae first bore holes in the bark, where they grow for the first year and remain for the winter (they reach 65-85 mm in length and 13-18 mm in width). In the second year, they move to the sapwood and the surface layer of wood and winter again. Only in the third year, having reached a length of 70-90 mm, the larva gnaws a deep and long (up to 1 m) passage in the wood and builds a cradle for the pupa at the end of it. During this period, the larva reaches a length of almost 100 mm and a width of 18-20 mm. The pupal stage lasts 5-6 weeks. The imago hibernates in the cradle. During this time, the larva gnaws through long passages in the wood, which often leads to a significant deterioration of the tree's condition, and in case of significant damage by the larvae, to its death. Currently, the situation with old oaks is critical, particularly in Europe. So, in Timisoara (Romania), where this photo was taken, in the ancient park, almost all the oaks (200-300 years old) are affected by the longhorn beetles. And the only thing that is done to reduce the infection of trees is to cut several hundred-year-old oaks under the root. Solving the problem requires the cooperation of zoologists, botanists and local authorities. English: Cerambycidae in places of mass reproduction significantly affect tree plantations. A negative impact and irreparable damage are caused, for example, by the larvae of the genus Cerambyx. For example, the development cycle of a longhorn beetle (Cerambyx cerdo) in wood is 2-4 years. The larvae first bore holes in the bark, where they grow for the first year and remain for the winter (they reach 65-85 mm in length and 13-18 mm in width). In the second year, they move to the sapwood and the surface layer of wood and winter again. Only in the third year, having reached a length of 70-90 mm, the larva gnaws a deep and long (up to 1 m) passage in the wood and builds a cradle for the pupa at the end of it. During this period, the larva reaches a length of almost 100 mm and a width of 18-20 mm. The pupal stage lasts 5-6 weeks. The imago hibernates in the cradle. During this time, the larva gnaws through long passages in the wood, which often leads to a significant deterioration of the tree's condition, and in case of significant damage by the larvae, to its death. Currently, the situation with old oaks is critical, particularly in Europe. So, in Timisoara (Romania), where this photo was taken, in the ancient park, almost all the oaks (200-300 years old) are affected by the longhorn beetles. And the only thing that is done to reduce the infection of trees is to cut several hundred-year-old oaks under the root. Solving the problem requires the cooperation of zoologists, botanists and local authorities. |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Євгенія Яніш |
Camera location | 45° 46′ 50.57″ N, 21° 15′ 42.35″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 45.780713; 21.261763 |
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I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
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This image was uploaded as part of Science Photo Competition 2023 in Ukraine. |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 18:23, 20 December 2023 | 3,016 × 4,032 (2 MB) | Євгенія Яніш (talk | contribs) | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Xiaomi |
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Camera model | Redmi 7A |
Exposure time | 1/33 sec (0.03030303030303) |
F-number | f/2.2 |
ISO speed rating | 295 |
Date and time of data generation | 19:25, 8 September 2023 |
Lens focal length | 3.789 mm |
Latitude | 45° 46′ 50.57″ N |
Longitude | 21° 15′ 42.35″ E |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 19:25, 8 September 2023 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.058 |
APEX aperture | 2.27 |
APEX brightness | 0 |
Metering mode | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 70 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 70 |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 0 mm |