File talk:1900 killing of foreigners.jpg

The correct title is "1861 Killing of Catholics and Foreigners."

This woodcut is from 1861 Bixie Jishi (A Record of Facts to Ward Off Heterodoxy), described in some detail, with other woodcuts from the same pamphlet, in Paul Cohen, China and Christianity: The Missionary Movement and the Growth of Chinese Antiforeignism, 1860-1870 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963): 45-68. The pamphlet was translated by missionaries as Death Blow to Corrupt Doctrines (Shanghai 1870).

The image involves visual puns: "Yang" can be "goat" or "foreigner," while "Zhu" can refer to Catholics. The explanation is a little complicated in English: The Chinese for "Catholicism" is "Tianzhu Jiao" = Tian (heaven) + Zhu (Lord) + Jiao (religion), but the sounds "zhu" can be "pig" and "jiao" can be "grunt," thus allowing Tianzhujiao also to be "the grunt of the heavenly pig." ch (talk) 18:41, 5 January 2010 (UTC)