File:Zeus - a study in ancient religion (1914) (14780178984).jpg

Identifier: zeusstudyinancie02cook (find matches)
Title: Zeus : a study in ancient religion
Year: 1914 (1910s)
Authors: Cook, Arthur Bernard, 1868-1952
Subjects: Zeus (Greek deity) Cults Sun worship Classical antiquities Folk literature
Publisher: Cambridge (Eng.) The University Press
Contributing Library: Harold B. Lee Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Brigham Young University

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ad-mitted the presence of features susceptible of an Orphic interpretation. R. Eislerhas done good service by insisting on its Orphic character. The egg-like recessin which the god is placed, the upper and lower shells from which he hasemerged, the strange animal-heads on his flanks (supra p. 1022 f.), the snakeshead appearing above his face (supra p. 1023), all mark him as Phanes. Hebears thunderbolt and sceptre, because Phanes was one with Zeus. His face isthat of the sun-god in Rhodian art, for Phanes was not only called Antaugesand Phaethon (supra p. 1026) but also identified with HeHos (supra i. 7 n. 6, 311).Cavedoni took the cloven hoofs to be those of a goat: if so, they hint thatPhanes was Pan (supra p. 1023). Cumont and Eisler think them bovine : if so,they denote him as Dionysos (supra p. 1026). The relief bears two inscriptions.The first, (E)YPHROSYi(NE ET) FELIX on the background of the recess,has been intentionally effaced. The second, P P ; FELIX PATER on I052 Appendix G
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Fig. 909. Orphic Theogonies and Cosmogonic Eros 1053 either side of the zodiac, must be completed as piecunia) p(osuit) Felix pater(sacrorum). Eisler ingeniously sug-gests that the relief in questionoriginally adorned the Orphic sanc-tuary of a certain Felix and Eu-phrosyne and was subsequentlyre-dedicated in a Mithraic templeby Felix alone, since women wereexcluded from the rites of Mithras.That an Orphic monument shouldthus be re-consecrated in a Mithraicshrine seems likely enough in viewof the fact that at Borcovicium(Housesteads on Hadrians Wall)Mithras himself was represented inan oval zodiac with an egg-shell onhis head (J. C. Bruce The RomaJiIVa/P London 1867 p. 399 with fig.on p. 398, id. Lapidariufn Septen-trionale Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1871ii. 96—98 no. 188 fig., F. CumontTextes et monuments figures relatifsaux mysteres de Mithra Bruxelles18961. 395 fig. 315, R. Eisler Welten-mantel und Hi?miielszelt Miinchen1910 ii. 410 ff. fig. 48 a relief, 1.40^high, 0.77 wide, found in s

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