File:Viscoelastic properties measured by DMA.png

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Français : Le comportement élastique est une situation propre aux solides. Un corps « hookéen » est purement élastique.

Un matériau viscoélastique se déforme en dissipant une partie de l'énergie mécanique appliquée.
Le comportement visqueux, correspondant à la perte d'énergie sous forme visqueuse (écoulement), est une situation propre aux liquides.
La DMA permet, par la mesure quantitative des propriétés élastiques et visqueuses d'un échantillon, d'évaluer le comportement dual (viscoélasticité) des matériaux.
Un analyseur DMA détermine la raideur (rigidité caractérisée par le module de conservation, E' ou G') d'un matériau viscoélastique ainsi que sa capacité à dissiper une partie de l'énergie mécanique appliquée (caractéristiques d'amortissement). À cause de la dissipation d'énergie dans l'échantillon, la déformation résultante est déphasée (le déphasage est traduit par l'angle de perte ou angle de phase δ) par rapport à l'énergie oscillante appliquée (contrainte).

Lors d'une mesure dynamique, dans la limite de faibles déformations, contrainte et déformation varient de façon sinusoïdale.
English: Dual behavior of materials: viscoelastic nature (e.g. of a polymeric material).
DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, the most sensitive thermal analysis technique) measures viscoelastic [elastic and loss (viscous)] properties. DMA analyzer permits a complete viscoelastic characterization on a sample.
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Author Cjp24

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