File:Vesuvianite (Jeffrey Mine, Asbestos, Quebec, Canada) (34416990562).jpg
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| Description |
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates. The silicates are the most abundant and chemically complex group of minerals. All silicates have silica as the basis for their chemistry. "Silica" refers to SiO2 chemistry. The fundamental molecular unit of silica is one small silicon atom surrounded by four large oxygen atoms in the shape of a triangular pyramid - this is the silica tetrahedron - SiO4. Each oxygen atom is shared by two silicon atoms, so only half of the four oxygens "belong" to each silicon. The resulting formula for silica is thus SiO2, not SiO4. The simplest & most abundant silicate mineral in the Earth's crust is quartz (SiO2). All other silicates have silica + impurities. Many silicates have a significant percentage of aluminum (the aluminosilicates). Vesuvianite (also known as idocrase) is a complex silicate. It has the chemical formula (Ca,Na)19(Al,Mg,Fe)13(SiO4)10(Si2O7)4(OH,F,O)10 - calcium sodium aluminum magnesium iron hydroxy-oxy-fluoro-silicate. It has a glassy luster and varies in color, but always has a white streak. It's almost as hard as quartz - 6.5 on the Mohs Hardness Scale. Vesuvianite crystals have a tetragonal shape. This mineral typically occurs in some metamorphic rocks (skarns, marbles, calcareous schists). The Canadian vesuvianite shown above is derived from the Thetford Mines Ophiolite Complex, a suite of ultramafic-dominated igneous rocks that were metamorphosed in the Ordovician during the Taconic Orogeny. Locality: Jeffrey Mine, western side of the town of Asbestos, southern Quebec, southeastern Canada Summary of the geology of the Jeffrey Mine: <a href="https://www.mindat.org/loc-581.html" rel="nofollow">www.mindat.org/loc-581.html</a> Photo gallery of vesuvianite: <a href="https://www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=4223" rel="nofollow">www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=4223</a> |
| Date | |
| Source | Vesuvianite (Jeffrey Mine, Asbestos, Quebec, Canada) |
| Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/34416990562 (archive). It was reviewed on 6 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
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| Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| current | 03:06, 6 December 2019 | | 1,660 × 1,991 (2.19 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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