File:Vegetation of Oregon and Washington (1969) (20573889815).jpg

Title: Vegetation of Oregon and Washington
Identifier: CAT92272720 (find matches)
Year: 1969 (1960s)
Authors: Franklin, Jerry F. cn; Dyrness, C. T
Subjects: Botany Oregon Ecology; Botany Washington (State) Ecology
Publisher: Portland, Or. : Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture
Contributing Library: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library
Digitizing Sponsor: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library

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Figure 118.— Many serai species, such as the Pinus monticola shown here, attain their best development in the mesic Tsuga heter- ophylla and Abies grandis Zones. often conspicuous prior to development of a tree overstory. Most of the Tsuga heterophyl- la Zone on the eastern slopes of the Cascade Range is occupied by relatively youthful stands in which the serai Abies grandis, Pseu- dotsuga menziesii, Pinus monticola, Larix oc- cidentalis, Pinus contorta, and Picea engel- mannii are dominant. Tsuga heterophylla and Thuja plicata are often represented only by reproduction in these stands. The successional relationships between Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata, and Abies grandis are complex. Daubenmire and Dau- benmire (1968) state: Three species of trees in the Tsuga series (Abies grandis, Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata) show ... an ability to continue re- production . . . but all have distinctive au- tecologies so that for the most part only one is the climax dominant in any one hab- itat type. It is on this basis they recognize each as the major climax in one or more of the Tsuga heterophylla series of associations. "ABIES LASIOCARPA" ZONE Climax forests of Abies lasiocarpa charac- terize the subalpine forest zone at many loca- tions in eastern Washington and Oregon. The Abies lasiocarpa Zone is best represented on the high secondary ranges extending east from the crest of the Washington Cascade Range (Franklin and Trappe 1963), in the Okanogan Highlands province of northeastern Washing- ton, and in the Blue and Wallowa Mountains of northeastern Oregon (Daubenmire 1952; Johnson 1959; Head 1959). Its lower eleva- tional boundary is normally 1,500 meters or more in the Cascade Range and 1,300 to 1,700 meters elsewhere. The Abies lasiocarpa Zone is a more continental analog of the Tsuga mertensiana Zone with which it merges in the Cascade Range. It is the local represent- ative of the very widespread Rocky Mountain Abies lasiocarpa-Picea engelmannii forests (Oosting 1956) and correlates with the Engle- mann Spruce-Subalpine Fir Zone recognized in British Columbia (Krajina 1965), the Abies lasiocarpa Zone of the northern Rocky Moun- tains (Daubenmire and Daubenmire 1968), and Merriam's Hudsonian Life Zone (Barrett 1962). 36

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