File:Underground water resources of Iowa (1912) (14769714802).jpg

Identifier: undergroundwater00nort (find matches)
Title: Underground water resources of Iowa
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors: Norton, William Harmon, b. 1856 Hendrixson, Walter Scott, 1859- (from old catalog) joint author Simpson, Howard E. (Howard Edwin), 1874-1938, joint author Meinzer, Oscar Edward, 1876- (from old catalog) joint author Iowa. Geological survey. (from old catalog)
Subjects: Water-supply
Publisher: Washington, Govt. print. off.
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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s area. The spacing of the deeper weUsdemands a width of at least 1^ miles, and no data are at hand whichnegative an estimate of twice that width. Wells, by no means thedeepest of the area, which enter rock encounter either the dry shalesof the Maquoketa or a thin bed of Niagara dolomite. Beyond doubtat least the medium portion of the channel was cut in the Maquoketashale, and in this weak rock a wide valley is to be expected. As the valley floor is made for the most part of dry shale, wellswhich fail to find water in the drift are compelled to go to an excep-tionally great depth to the limestones of the middle part of theMaquoketa or even to those of the Galena and the Platteville. The 266 UlSTDEEGKOUND WATER EESOURCES OP IOWA. large majority of wells in this deep country, as drillers term it, findwater in the sand and gravel associated with the drift. In Douglas Township the few wells reported which are referable tothe channel find little or no sand so far as known, the channel here
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apparently being filled with blue stony clay. Two wells were com-pelled to go deep into rock for water, one in sec. 27 to 337 feet andone in sec. 6 to 266 feet. Both wells passed through the upper shaleof the Maquoketa and found water in limestones referred to the mid-dle Maquoketa, the shale in the first well being 87 feet thick overlain BEEMEK COUNTY. 267 with 10 feet of Niagara dolomite, and in the second 60 feet thickoverlain with drift. In at least the northern part of Warren Township no continuousand heavy bed of sand is found in the channel, although a number ofwells find water-bearing sands and gravels in the drift amply suffi-cient for farm supply. Thus in sec. 5 three wells find water-bearingsand at depths of 236, 150, and 92 feet, and in sec. 4 a well enteringrock at 180 feet was compelled to go to 287 feet before obtaining asupply. In sec. 17 a well which enters the Niagara at 212 feet passesthrough 100 feet of shale (upper Maquoketa) before finding water atits base at 317

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