File:Types of mankind - or ethnological researches, based upon the ancient monuments, paintings, sculptures, and crania of races and upon their natural, geographical, philological, and biblical history (14772459684).jpg

Identifier: 60411950R.nlm.nih.gov
Title: Types of mankind : or ethnological researches, based upon the ancient monuments, paintings, sculptures, and crania of races and upon their natural, geographical, philological, and biblical history
Year: 1857 (1850s)
Authors: Nott, Josiah Clark, 1804-1873 Morton, Samuel George, 1799-1851 Agassiz, Louis, 1807-1873 Usher, W Patterson, Henry S. (Henry Stuart), 1815-1854 Gliddon, George R. (George Robins), 1809-1857
Subjects: Anthropology Continental Population Groups Religion and Science
Publisher: Philadelphia : Lippincott
Contributing Library: U.S. National Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons, U.S. National Library of Medicine

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al dArno,and once at Menchecourt. f We have said that, among these diluvian remains, (amid bones ofelephants, rhinoceroses, and crocodiles, under many beds of sand andgravel, and at a depth of several feet below the modern soil,) vestigesof human industry had been met with; and we now give a section ofthe locality (Fig. 106) from which flint axes, agglutinated with a massof bones and sand, were procured. These axes were taken from theossiferous beds; one at four and a half metres, or nearly thirteen feet,and the other at nine metres, or about twenty-seven feet, below thesurface. The character of the soil and of the superposed layers ofcompact sand, free from any appearance of modern detritus, forbidsa supposition that they could ever have reached such a depth throughaccident since the formation of the bed itself, or by any infiltration from * Boucher de Perthes; p. 217-246. f Cuvier: Ossemens Fossiles. 360 GEOLOGY AND PALyEONTOLOGT, Section of the Gravel-Beds at Menchecourt.*Fia. 206.
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* Modern, or rAlluvial. \ Diluvian, orClysmian ofBronqniart. I. Superficial vegetable earth — humus.II. Lower vegetable — argillaceous. III. Brown clay. IV. Upper bed of silex — rolled and broken, with lumps of white marl and rolled chalk, in amygdaloidfragments.V. Compact ferruginous clay. IN CONNECTION WITH HUMAN ORIGINS. 361 a superior level: because, in such cases, some trace must have beenleft of* their occurrence. No doubt exists that those axes had lain inthe same position ever since the fossilized bones were there, or thatthey were brought thither by the same causes. Many other excavations were examined, as opportunities occurred;and stones bearing unmistakeable evidence of human workmanshipwere discovered so frequently in the drift, as to establish the factbeyond all room for question. The occurrence of similar axes insepulchres of the Celtic era, might otherwise support the idea thatthey had found their way by subsidence from upper to lower levels;but the character of

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