File:Tunguska explosion effect circles 1.png

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Tunguska_explosion_effect_circles_1.png(642 × 596 pixels, file size: 431 KB, MIME type: image/png)

Captions

Captions

Maximum destruction circles of Tungusla events

Summary

[edit]
Description
English: The destruction area is not circular, values are maximum or near maximun

Most inner red circle: 15 km almost all treres fall, very widespread burning Black dashed line: 35 km trees are falling, burning in some locations and directios

Yellow dotted line: 50 km absolutely outer line of possibility of burning,
Date
Source Own work
Author ChatGPT 3 and 4o AI

Source of data: map in https://www.nasa.gov/history/115-years-ago-the-tunguska-asteroid-impact-event/ 115 Years Ago: The Tunguska Asteroid Impact Event NASA

Originall source Christopher O Johnston and Eric S Stern, Icarus


"R" code, terra and ggplot, made with ChatGPT 4o and 3


    1. tinguska event destructiob circles
    2. "R" script, made with chatgpt 3 and 4o
  1. Ladataan tarvittavat paketit

library(elevatr) library(terra) library(sf) library(ggplot2) library(tidyverse) library(tidyterra) library(ggnewscale)

  1. Määritetään koordinaatit: Tunguska (räjähdyspaikka) ja Vanavara

tunguska_coords <- data.frame(long = 101.883333, lat = 60.883333, name = "Tunguska") vanavara_coords <- data.frame(long = 102.2848, lat = 60.3457, name = "Vanavara")

  1. Luodaan data frame koordinaateista 100 km säteellä

lon_seq <- seq(tunguska_coords$long - 1, tunguska_coords$long + 1, by = 0.1) lat_seq <- seq(tunguska_coords$lat - 1, tunguska_coords$lat + 1, by = 0.1) coords <- expand.grid(long = lon_seq, lat = lat_seq) coords_sf <- st_as_sf(coords, coords = c("long", "lat"), crs = 4326)

  1. Määritetään tallennustiedoston polku

output_path <- "./data1/elevation_data.tif"

  1. Ladataan korkeusdata SRTM-tiedostoista tai käytetään levyllä olevaa tiedostoa

if (file.exists(output_path)) {

 elevation_terra <- rast(output_path)
 print("Tallennettu korkeusdata ladattu levylta.")

} else {

 elevation_data <- get_elev_raster(locations = coords_sf, z = 9, prj = "+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84")
 elevation_terra <- rast(elevation_data)
 writeRaster(elevation_terra, output_path, overwrite = TRUE)
 print(paste("Tiedosto tallennettu:", output_path))

}

  1. Luodaan sf-objektit Tunguskan ja Vanavaran ympärille 70 km säteellä

tunguska_sf <- st_as_sf(tunguska_coords, coords = c("long", "lat"), crs = 4326) vanavara_sf <- st_as_sf(vanavara_coords, coords = c("long", "lat"), crs = 4326)

  1. Luodaan ympyrät

circle_15km <- st_buffer(tunguska_sf, dist = 15000) # 15 km säde circle_35km <- st_buffer(tunguska_sf, dist = 35000) # 35 km säde circle_50km <- st_buffer(tunguska_sf, dist = 50000) # 50 km säde

  1. Cropataan rasteri 140x140 km alueelta

elevation_cropped <- crop(elevation_terra, ext(tunguska_coords$long - 1.5,

                                               tunguska_coords$long + 1.5,
                                               tunguska_coords$lat - 0.75, 
                                               tunguska_coords$lat + 0.75))
  1. Muutetaan rasteri data frameksi

elevation_df <- as.data.frame(elevation_cropped, xy = TRUE) names(elevation_df)[3] <- "height" # Nimetään korkeusdata

  1. Luodaan hillshade

altitude = 45 azimuth = 90

terrain <- terra::terrain(elevation_cropped, c("slope", "aspect"), unit = "radians") shade <- terra::shade(terrain$slope, terrain$aspect, angle = altitude, direction = azimuth, normalize = TRUE)

  1. Muutetaan hillshade data frameksi

shade_df <- as.data.frame(shade, xy = TRUE) names(shade_df)[3] <- "hillshade" # Nimetään hillshade-arvot

  1. Asetetaan PNG-tiedosto

png("output_plot.png", width = 800, height = 600)

  1. Piirretään DEM ja hillshade yhdessä

ggplot() +

 # DEM rasteri
 geom_raster(data = elevation_df, aes(x = x, y = y, fill = height), alpha = 0.8) +
 scale_fill_gradientn(colors = terrain.colors(10)) +  # Käytetään väriasteikkoa DEM:lle
 new_scale_fill() +  # Uusi väriskaala hillshadelle
 
 # Hillshade rasteri
 geom_raster(data = shade_df, aes(x = x, y = y, fill = hillshade), alpha = 0.4) +
 scale_fill_gradient(low = "white", high = "black", guide = "none") +  # Hillshaden väriskaala ilman legendaa
 
 # Ympyrät ja paikkatiedot
 geom_sf(data = circle_15km, linewidth=1, alpha=0.3,  color = "red", fill = NA) +
 geom_sf(data = circle_35km, linewidth=1,linetype = "dashed", alpha=0.3,  color = "black", fill = NA) +
 geom_sf(data = circle_50km, linewidth=1, linetype = "dotted", alpha=0.3, color = "yellow", fill = NA) +
 
 # Tunguska ja Vanavara pisteinä
 geom_sf(data = tunguska_sf, color = "red", size = 5) +
 geom_sf(data = vanavara_sf, color = "blue", size = 5) +
 
 # Vanavaran nimi kartalle
 geom_text(data = vanavara_coords, aes(x = long, y = lat, label = name), color = "blue", hjust = -0.1, vjust = 1.5, size = 5) +
 
 # Muutetaan x- ja y-akseleiden nimet longitude ja latitude -muotoon
 labs(title = " Effect circles of Tunguska explosion ", 
      x = "Longitude", y = "Latitude") +
 
 coord_sf() +
 theme_minimal()
  1. Suljetaan PNG-tiedosto

dev.off()

Licensing

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I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
w:en:Creative Commons
attribution
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