File:Travertine stalactites & stalagmites (Ohio Caverns, western Ohio, USA) 4 (22761163098).jpg

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Ohio Caverns is the largest cave system in Ohio. It is located in a bedrock knob called Mt. Tabor on the southern side of the Bellefontaine Outlier (= Ohio's elevationally highest area). The cave is hosted in the Middle Devonian Columbus Limestone, which is part of a widespread shallow marine carbonate succession in eastern and midwestern America.

The general term for all secondary mineral deposits occurring in caves is speleothem. Between 200 and 300 different minerals have been reported to occur in various speleothems around the world. The most common speleothem minerals are calcite (CaCO3), aragonite (CaCO3), and gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). Calcitic speleothem is given the rock name travertine.

Varieties of cave travertine are named based on morphology and origin. The most common type is dripstone, which includes stalactites, stalagmites, and columns. Other varieties include flowstone, knobstone (a.k.a. coralloids), helictites, shelfstone, rimstone, cave pearls, frostwork, etc.

Shown above are travertine stalactites and stalagmites, which are varieties of dripstone. Dripstone forms by precipitation of minerals (in this case, calcium carbonate - calcite) from dripping water. Dripstone structures attached to cave ceilings or upper walls are called stalactites. The corresponding structures on cave floors are called stalagmites.

The stalactites shown above include downward-tapering examples and slender, cylindrical forms, which are called soda straws.

Locality: Ohio Caverns, Mt. Tabor, east of the town of West Liberty, northern margin of Champaign County, western Ohio, USA

For a recent technical article on the geology of Ohio Caverns, see:

<a href="http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/ijs/vol45/iss1/7/" rel="nofollow">scholarcommons.usf.edu/ijs/vol45/iss1/7/</a>
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Source Travertine stalactites & stalagmites (Ohio Caverns, western Ohio, USA) 4
Author James St. John

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/22761163098 (archive). It was reviewed on 12 October 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

12 October 2019

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current13:40, 12 October 2019Thumbnail for version as of 13:40, 12 October 20193,000 × 4,000 (6.26 MB)Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs)Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons

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